Level Up Your Concurrency Skills with Rust [video]
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My recommendation to younger colleagues has been: Learn Go and Erlang. Go implements (basically) communicating sequential processes. If you want to know more from a theory side, you can read C.A.R. Hoare's book on the topic [0]. Erlang uses the actor model and message passing. There are many similarities but enough differences that you can learn a lot by learning both. Other languages offer these same approaches, but these two are the closest mainstream languages I'm aware of that take CSP or actor model as almost their basic design philosophy. This reduces the semantic distance between the language and the theory and makes it easy to learn, IMHO.
Lots of good resources for both, you can google around for.
After getting the hang of things here, I'd continue with studying the concurrency primitives or libraries of your language of choice. You'll hopefully find that you can apply the knowledge you've found from the first two to designing good concurrent software in most other languages.
https://pragprog.com/book/pb7con/seven-concurrency-models-in...
To make it more concrete, with CSP you send the message to a channel and you don’t know who is reading from that channel. With Actors you send a message to a specific Actor.
Time for opinions: It’s pretty trivial to get channel semantics with Actors by having an Actor that acts as a reverse proxy. It’s harder, or maybe less conventional, to have Actor semantics with CSP. You would have to assign a channel to each processor (goroutine in Go) and maintain a reference to that.
At the end of the day, they are just abstractions and we are always working with references to memory, IO, and CPU, so the differences are mostly philosophical. Actors resonate better with the model of computation and program structure I have built up in my head over time.
http://greenteapress.com/semaphores/LittleBookOfSemaphores.p...