A lot of groundwater in Michigan, but in that very place the groundwater meets surface, everywhere. It supplies vast areas of marshland and swamp and huge ecosystem that surrounds it. If you reduce the pressure by pumping aquifer and groundwater (a lot of sand there), will it divert the groundwater from replenishing the surface, that is the wetlands, the rivers, and the lakes that all this wildlife depends? Measurement is needed, and undergoing as I understand. BTW, Mich is so varied because of its unique geological history; across the state underneath it is like very different places 10s to 1000s of feet below, from sand to granite to salt domes, many different types of technical soils(?) IIRC. PS No, there may be, but if there were reliable studies it would not be so controversial.