Same things you can do with an RPi and/or BeagleBone black -- though without HDMI it's focused on more embedded / headless / wireless things. Think IOT.
It seems that the easiest way to get started is to use a microSD card.
EDIT: Here's a video for the Blue:
https://youtu.be/pTpUMajQS_U?t=170
Starting around 2:50, she shows opening up the onboard Cloud9 instance after plugging in the MicroUSB cable.