16GB is the limit on LPDDR3 (not sure whether it's spec or Intel's implementation), so you can pick either battery life and 16GB with LPDDR3 or 32+ at the cost of battery life (and a mainboard redesign) with desktop-class DDR4.
DDR4 allows FOUR times the capacity on the same amount of individual chips, instead of a full dual-rank DIMM capping out at 16GB like DDR3 they can be up to 64GB. On the MacBook line with LPDDR4, assuming the same 16 chip limit, you would also be able to configure it with up to 64GB (16x32Gb).
https://www.micron.com/products/dram/lpdram/32Gb#/technology...