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The modules are written in HashiCorp configuration language.

You are right, I should have say "providers" with new "resources" and yes, this new registry is for modules, not providers.

You can use json as well, but it is pretty unfriendly for the human users and you lose some of the interpolation.

However, very useful if you're code generating Terraform config because there are not a lot of HCL serializer/deserializer libs in existence.