IMHO this is the worst-designed(?) part of the whole WSL. Copying files back and forth is the antithesis of a "seamless Windows and Linux experience", to put it mildly. From that perspective it's no better than running an isolated VM. To add insult to injury, although I haven't personally tried it, apparently trying to access the files directly from Windows as if they were both on the same filesystem (which they are) results in all sorts of ridiculous breakage: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12980380
I have mounted CIFS/SMB shares from Windows machines onto Linuxes and Macs, and gone in the opposite direction with Samba; in both of these cases, there is no need for wasteful copying and managing two files; Windows and Linux can essentially use the same files simultaneously.
Going in the other direction, WINE also allows Windows apps to work directly with the same files as Linux ones.
One then wonders, when a networked filesystem with all its complexity can be used nearly effortlessly across different OSes running on completely different machines, and WINE is like the inverse of WSL, why couldn't Microsoft do the same with two subsystems on the same machine using the same filesystem!?