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They mention this in the article.

Even so, it is disheartening. It appears we're so fascinated by all the avenues tools like deep learning could open up, to ask more basic questions like the implications of pursuing such research.

The first author of this also developed tools that allow you to analyse all sorts of personality traits (including sexual orientation) via FB likes. He was aware and publicised of the potential consequences and risks here, but I seem to remember thinking his reasons for publishing were justified at the time. As he was part of the psychology department during his PhD, I think his papers will have been extensively scrutinised by ethics boards and the like.

Mini disclaimer: I vaguely knew him from university and didn't get on with him. However, I don't think he was the type of person to put people at risk for personal glory.

If that were possible, humans could already detect homosexuals. It's likely in those countries that homosexuals do not present themselves the same.

Both for the true positives and the false positives.

Or anything else that someone might label deviant.