This isn't "Dropbox employees digging through everybody's files hunting for CP". It's all automated, likely triggered by uploads of certain types of files (images/videos). They almost certainly have a human verify the validity before reporting (which is probably a 100% manual process). They're required by law to report it once they have reasonable suspicion.
An interesting abuse edge case here I've pondered for a while: someone hacks into your account and intentionally posts bad stuff to get you in trouble. It could be pretty difficult to prove that someone did this if the company's logs were inadequate. A similar flavor of this: someone sent Brian Krebs heroin in the mail, and then "tipped off" the police. Fortunately, it didn't work https://krebsonsecurity.com/2015/10/hacker-who-sent-me-heroi...