That depends on the plant. Some plants are CO2 limited, and would grow better. Thus out competing other plants that are limited by something else. This is not necessarily good though, such plants tend to be ones we already consider weeds with little useful value.

Of course in the dry deserts everything is water limited. There are also temperature and altitude (air pressure) limits that affect various other regions/climates.

In specific controlled environments, yes. In the real world not so much. https://www.skepticalscience.com/Increasing-Carbon-Dioxide-i...