London’s Grenfell Tower Fire Was No Ordinary Accident
citylab.com
citylab.com
But ... the Grenfell Tower fire was a specific failure of building and fire regulations, and it could still have happened even if the housing market was working and councils had been building housing for the poor. The cladding was installed for environmental reasons — it reduces heat loss so you need less energy to heat the building. Now we learn that this sort of cladding is much more dangerous than was generally understood, we replace the stuff on other buildings, and move on. This is mostly orthogonal to fixing the housing market or "neoliberalism".
Here is what actually happened: the cladding used does not meet UK safety standards, and there were warnings from experts and residents that the cladding was not safe to use.
The council decided to ignore the warnings, because cheap and dangerous cladding saved around £300,000 on a £9m refurb that residents argued wasn't needed in the first place and which they didn't particularly benefit from.
It certainly wasn't an energy saving measure.
The right-wing Tory council is not poor[1]. It has cash reserves of £200m, and gave council tax payers a £100 refund around the time of the refurb.
So yes - this is absolutely about right-wing greed, and right-wing disdain for the relatively poor.
[1] Although it's going to be a lot poorer once this is settled.
This is factually wrong. If you read the original planning application[1] you'll see a whole section about climate change and energy efficiency (page 10 for the hard of reading). There's a second document[2] which goes into the energy efficiency in a lot more detail. Section 2.1 of the second document says that cladding was specifically added for energy efficiency reasons.
[1] https://www.scribd.com/document/351448748/Grenfell-Tower-Pla...
[2] https://www.scribd.com/document/351448758/Grenfell-Tower-Sus...
This may or may not be all well and good, but there is only the most tenuous of connections to the actual policies that are connected to the fire, specifically: The richest borough spent money fighting global warming through insulation, reducing their energy bills, and making the poor people's housing look good in the process (but without paying sufficient attention to its fire safety rating). THE MONSTERS. CAPITALISM KILLS.
(Play up the "making it look good!!" and the "not paying sufficient attention to safety" angles, whilst totally ignoring the use of this material in other places, and general UK-wide building standards which just shrug off the idea of sprinklers.)
Reading the article, one would think the idea of using lower cost materials on a construction project was a cunning idea conceived by Margaret Thatcher in 1979. It isn't, people substitute cheaper materials on their own very expensive properties all the time, and if councils are really preoccupied with saving money over all else they wouldn't have spent £9m on refurbishing Grenfell in the first place. (If you've ever lived in a comparable building, you'll understand why fitting insulating cladding was thought to be a good idea...)
There are serious questions to be asked about an architectural design which apparently involved flammable lining products in close proximity, a chimney of air and no firegapping between stories should or could have been identified as a fire hazard, there are questions about how it was installed, and questions about whether the council's poor communications with the residents over fire safety contributed to fewer evacuations (one of their big concerns was apparently concerns over a gas pipe in the stairwell which appears to be one of the few things that didn't go seriously wrong). And there are wider questions about whether standard instructions to stay put are appropriate for the building are appropriate and whether regulations ought to be changed to require mineral wool insulation and/or sprinklers on tall buildings in future.
It's also not a bad time to raise questions about cutting firemen numbers in London even though it isn't thought that lack of manpower to tackle the blaze was a problem.
But crudely reducing it to a "bad neoliberals hate poor people" to score opportunistic political points actually works against learning those lessons. Poor implementation Grenfell's refurbishment programme is no more a scathing indictment of "neoliberalism" than Ronan Point's collapse was a scathing indictment of the desire of the government to take the lead in housebuilding following WWII. The construction industry did learn from that one.
(Ironically, to the extent that "neoliberalism", or Thatcherite housing policy, was particularly relevant to this tower block, it was in having the effect of passing some of the leases into the hands of relatively wealthy private owners who had every interest in the building surviving to make a fortune on selling the flats in a few years' time)
https://twitter.com/sghage01/status/901148211322269696
They liberalised -weakened- fire regulation; they defunded social housing; they defunded local councils, and people died as a result.
The real trick here is to go a bit deeper and find out if this was just an "act of god" of if there was some kind of systematic policy that led to successive councils ignoring clear evidence of potential problems with one of their properties.
And when it comes to social housing there is very systematic problem of willfull blindness when it comes to problems that might require investment to infrastructure used by people that are not paying a lot in taxes. The problems might be worse in the UK but are not all that unique as even Scandinavia and Germany have unsolved problems with some of their public housing estates.
In a lot of ways the problem is that a lot of those building aren’t actually worth maintaining but cannot be replaced due to a preference for not allowing new social housing to be build.
In this case, as I understand it using the flammable cladding wasn't explicitly prohibited; it was effectively on a "use only if you have independently proved the way you're using it is safe" list.
So in this case I don't think there was a specific failure of regulations.
I think it was a failure on the part of the builders, along with something of a general understanding that "red tape" is something to be ignored.
As far as I understand it that's only true since 2005: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_Reform_(Fire_Safety...
Removing/relaxing building and fire regulations is neoliberalism.
The author’s point seems to be if you assess the cost of everything and the value of nothing, the market will price poor, unskilled workers who don’t have the finance to sue as disposable in the grand scheme of things. No-one actually verbalised “if we get this wrong, it won’t matter, because they’re poor” but that’s the dynamic that has been set up nationally and globally.
The EU energy efficiency regulations are aimed at protecting the global environment, not individuals. The health and safety legislation is supposed to protect individuals. Are you suggesting that the buildings would not have been renovated if not for EU regulations? That seems extremely disingenuous.
Sadly, a lot of the narrative around the disaster and the resultant protests have been pushed by people like the Socialist Workers Party and their ilk.
The block I am in was subject to a BBC documentary a decade ago for being a high fire risk building.
The containment measures originally designed into the building have long been compromised by short-term upgrades to kitchens and bathrooms. The service riser is now a chimney that freely joins every flat in a vertical quarter of the building into a single contiguous fire channel.
We have no sprinklers, we have a single fire escape, but there is no fire alarm. The theory is that containment will hold and so it is best that people stay put. That the emergency services will need to come up the fire escape, and this is why Grenfell residents stayed put. But even were people to orderly try and use it, there is no means to raise the alarm.
Internal fire doors do not create a seal. Internal doors in the flats have been removed over time and not replaced by the landlord (the council).
Central heating was removed and replaced with a communal oil burner for a radiator system. The central heating ducts remain, joining flats vertically, joining rooms of flats, filled with dust and not sealed off.
Simply put, I live in a death trap.
I am more fortunate than my neighbours. Despite having been homeless when I was younger, I now have a salary that allows me to save for a deposit and to find another place to live. But London rents being what they are I cannot move now and still save for a deposit... if I did I would be consigning myself to never own the property in which I live.
So I must stay, and deal with the fire risk, manage it as best I can, whilst I save for a deposit.
If anyone ever wants to know why startups should have a market to permit existing shareholders to buy shares from employees holding options... this is it. Life gets in the way. I'm sitting on share options that could provide a transformational effect on my life, that could let me sleep at night and live in much lower stress levels. It's hard to give 100% to work when any night could be the night I am burned alive. I sleep fitfully, restlessly. I am so desperate for a way out... but it takes time, I only have a salary and the IPO is too long away (even if gets announced tomorrow).
Fire risks are real, the terrible neglect of housing is real, and it doesn't help everyone but if you're a founder and you want to know how to help someone... provide liquidity to your employees.
This was quickly rejected by the councillor who informed me that sirens are used for the flood alarms (we're 200m from the Thames).
Instead I've resorted to DIY fire safety. MDF fire panels installed as best as possible around the riser, as that is the most likely source of fire. It will buy me a little time, and I will not be relying on containment to save us... I'll be going down the fire escape regardless of instructions.
I've been through a few incidents where my building should have been evacuated but wasn't due to incompetence or disinterest. In one case, several of my employees who were unable to negotiate stairs (due to injuries) were accidentally left trapped and unevacuated in an elevator lobby during a minor fire. They picked up the emergency phone and the response from the police was literally "WTF do you think I can do about it?"
The response from my employers fire safety people when we complained was threatening to write a discipline referal for me because I didn't send people to fire training. (Three of the folks working for me were firemen who were delivering the training!)
Don't assume that anyone has their shit together. Understand how to evacuate from your home and office and bug out when shit happens. Don't be like those poor people in WTC who followed instructions.
What about moving to someplace less expensive than London?
You're probably also have in-demand skills - so if your current employer is not willing to work with you, you could conceivably get a similar or larger salary and relocate to a less expensive city at the same time with a new employer.
I have a list of several hundred recruiters who have emailed me over the years, send me an email (in my profile) if you'd like a copy.
At the current rate, 14 more months.
Were I to move today and pay market rate rent, 65 months.
The single event that would make a difference would be a windfall of some kind, most probable within 14 months would be secondary market liquidity for the options I have vested already.
Unlike most, we do not have inheritance nor bank of mum and dad as possibilities at all. We have to do it the slow hard way.
The questions now being raised are over whether the building regulations were enough. Successive governments have reduced the "red tape" in the name of liberating the market, but it seems free markets will often compromise when it comes to safety.
That said, I'm not sure right now I would want to live at the top of the Shard (as some people do).
The concentration of super-money in W1 is what pushed prices up as the ripple moved out, at least more so than immigration. The fact the market is slowing at that end means there might be a ripple back, which coupled with a falling residency rate (July was the first month more people moved out of London than moved in for 10 years), means we might see a collapse and we can start to afford homes again.
In San Francisco, fwiw, the SFFD's largest aerial ladder is 100 ft fully extended. This is the mechanical one on the truck.
SFFD trucks also carry a 50-ft wooden ladder, but it's seriously heavy and rarely used, as it requires six firefighters to raise and lower.
For those interested, here's some data on high-rise fires in the US, including the prevalence of sprinklers [2].
[1] http://www.brontoskylift.com/en/hla [2] http://www.nfpa.org/news-and-research/fire-statistics-and-re...
It's a combination of decades worth of neglect to a set of buildings that were from day one at the edge of what we knew how to build and maintain due to a demand that they were kept cheap enough to be affordable on the declining working class wages.
Fixing it is not going to be a few replaced panels here and there but a massive 10 year redevelopment plan to replace a lot of old 70ies crap with new buildings, in a political climate where nobody the political systems care about actually wants social housing to be a thing, and as always when there is a real problem the western way is to plug ears, close eyes and chant some feel good mantra.
A state-owned, and state-managed block of apartments burned, causing a horrible loss of life due to a string of horrible decisions made by state employees and politicians. This is clearly the fault of corporations, capitalism, and politicians who were not involved in the decisions. Also, Thatcher. And Americans. Especially Silicon Valley. And Republicans.
I'm open to the idea that there's a larger context which is important to understand, but I'm somewhat sceptical of a conclusion so tidy as "every onewho directly caused this is innocent; everyone I disagree with is actually to blame".
It is in fact elements of the state that have been vilifying the poor.
The state put in place the systems that mean the lowest bidder gets the job. The companies put the cladding in place then saved money further by not using the flame retardant cladding.
Making this to state vs private doesn't make sense, when both are part of the system that caused this.
The comment is so far from reality, it reminds me of one of the funniest things I've heard some Americans say on a train, near London; Kid: "Do British people love the government", Dad: "Yes they do". I almost spat out my coffee, it was such a hilarious misrepresentation.
Actually, no. The paper trail is clear; the council requested the contractors switch to more dangerous, aluminium cladding to save money. This wasn't about private sector greed costing lives; this was a decision made in the public sector. According to this article[1] linked from the citylab piece:
"One document - a list of requested savings sent to contractors in July 2014 - details potential savings of £693,161, reducing the cost of the contract from about £9.2m to £8.5m. It includes £293,368 that would be saved by fitting "aluminium cladding in lieu of zinc cladding". [...] The savings were part of an ongoing effort by the council and the local tenant management organisation to drive down the cost of the refurbishment. [...] the change was typical of constant pressure by councils [...] this led to the appointment of a different contractor in 2014 which was then asked to make savings including on the cladding.
The entire process was driven by the local council, and the money saved went to the council, not the contractors.
> Making this to state vs private doesn't make sense, when both are part of the system that caused this.
Sure, the contractors and the council were part of the same system. And in this system, the council hired the contractors, and told them to cut corners; when the first contractors didn't cut enough corners, they found new contractors who could cut more corners.
Just because different actors are part of the same system doesn't mean their actions, responsibility, and culpability are equal. (And many of the actors mentioned in the citylab piece, such as silicon valley, aren't even part of the system.)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hd7i5-baJAs
It's worth a watch, even over 30 years ago it was known that cladding posed a fire risk to high rise buildings in the UK, if you jump to 45 minutes in they are talking specifically about this.
How is that even a fucking question? Many people died - whoever is responsible for the design flaw or cutting corners SHOULD pay.
It has half the melting point of iron, and shows no yellow-orange glow until it just collapse.
Basically it kinda seem to be all fine unless you have a thermal camera, until it just flops into a liquid.
now powdered aluminum do go off like firework when exposed to an open flame.
Hence the existence of special aluminum connectors which keep the joint under constant pressure for the life of the connection, you can see these at work in lightweight powerlines.
Complications can quickly cause real problems because as the skin forms the resistance of the connection goes up and this causes power to be lost increasing the temperature of the joint. This can lead to a runaway effect, if you're lucky the whole thing disconnects before something bad happens, if you're unlucky you have an electrical fire on your hands.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminum_building_wiring
So even if aluminum has lots of really good properties for wiring it is still only used in a relatively small number of specialized applications.
Another spot where you will find Aluminum and its rapid oxidization property exhibited clearly is in solid rockets (as fuel) and fireworks (to give you some nice colored effects).
I guess a list and a map of this would be enough to set a revolution into motion.
Im sure, the usual suspects will show up- defending this atrocity with the same excuses socialist use on Venezuela.
"This is not really capitalism.."
"The people who lived inside choose to live there- they where free to leave - until they were not.."
"This is not a systematic failure, but the failure of person XY, a morally outrageous being we should shun into the dessert.."
"On the map, its in a state, thus if there is a state, the execution was not pure enough.."
Silence in the comment below- seems even fanatics know shame.
228, according to the assessment commissioned by the government.
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/aug/25/grenfell-fir...
Edit: Now I've read it, there'a actually an answer in the article itself, although it's now superceded by the number above:
> Earlier this month, the government admitted that 181 other high-rise buildings clad in similar material have failed fire safety tests
That are estimated 68400 people in a constant life threatening danger.
And yes, there is a general sense that the Government has no clue what to do about this. People are scared.