For example, maybe in one project most of the time everyone pushes and pulls from a centralized master and not to and from each other. But then two developers get together to try and solve a particularly troublesome bug. While they're doing this, they can push and pull directly from each other without worrying about master, and then once they're done, they can merge, clean up, etc., and then push the result to master. Git allows these kinds of pockets of decentralized development within an overall centralized workflow, and does so seamlessly.
Since Git allows any organizational structure, it's up to the people working on a project to choose what works best for them. That's a responsibility that they didn't have before DVCS, because only one structure was supported by the tools.