I think the US is the odd one out hete with your one unit of 'math'.
Mathematics -> maths
You don't say, "I am learning mathematic", unless you are a cretin.
Mathematics -> maths
You don't say, "I am learning mathematic", unless you are a cretin.
So why is "maths" plural? It's sure as hell not countable. What is "a math"?
At least "mathematic" makes sense—you can deconstruct the morphology to understand this is "a lesson", i.e. the gerund of "to learn". It's also the natural english adjectival form of the greek word.
"maths" is just weird. You might as well use "magicks".
I can’t really come up with a situation where you would want to refer to multiple “mathematicses”; it kind of just is something ethereal, not a _thing_ where it makes sense to refer to one or many.