From memory, but if you wish I can fact check it and add figures past 1980:
When Reagan entered office, the top marginal rates on "earned" income (e.g. wages and salary) was 50% and on "unearned" income (returns on investments) was 75%. He proposed a set of "supply side" tax cuts, was forced to phase them in over 3 years (remember he never had a Republican House majority and had a Senate one for only a short period as I recall) and that helped drag out the stagflation pain---e.g. people postponed taxable events until the cuts were fully in effect---but after that it was "Morning In America" (the theme of his 1984 election campaign).
That started in 1981. In 1982 he was forced into a major FICA (Social Security and Medicare) tax increase (note that's regressive) and from that point until this year or next FICA taxes have been in surplus to needs and were spent on the general fisc (SS and Medicare have a "lockbox" of unmarketable bonds for the money the Federal Government owes them).
In 1986 it was argued that the tax system was out of wack and various changes were made and as I recall some individual rates were increased, but there was at least attempted balancing in things like deductions or exemptions (can't recall the details).
Starting in 1981 as I recall there was also and indexing of thresholds and so on to inflation (prior to that the Congress would regularly pass "tax cuts" but people's tax bills would keep going up because they got pushed by inflation into higher tax rate brackets).
If you want to try to make the point you're making you're going to have to use a better source of data.
And this is largely irrelevant as a answer to the question "What makes sense today?" Reagan cut tax rates in 1981-3 when we had been suffering from a decade or more of stagflation. (Some) tax rates were increased in 1986 long after the economy recovered. Clinton raised tax rates in 1993 after the recovery of the G. H. W. Bush recession and they weren't disastrous.
Today we are at best in a technical recovery with sustained and increasing true unemployment being a lagging indicator (if measured traditionally the unemployement rate would be around 22% according to http://www.shadowstats.com/alternate_data/unemployment-chart...). At medium worst we're headed for a double-dip recession.
Forget about "fairness" or anything to do with "that crusty old socialist Ronald Reagan". Is raising tax rates a good prescription for today's economic problems?