I understand you would like to live somewhere that context does not matter and documents are self-contained.

Until you live in that world, please consider that there is an external world relevant to what an author's intentions are, whether they are lying or exaggerating, whether they are deliberately misleading or naively misinformed.

Does he have good intentions or bad intentions? Well, you would want to look at the other opportunities available to him to reason about that.

"This is what he believes about his co-workers" You: He did not write this

If he did not think that the performance of the women around him was holding back Google, then he wouldn't write the memo.

Can you give an explanation of how this was the best choice available to him if he did not think this was the case?

"He is unwilling to learn from others" You: He did not write this

Is it your position that he did not have any options for taking his opinions to others inside the company and getting feedback before circulating broadly?

He knows that this is sensitive - that definitely gets mentioned in the document - but there is no indication that he has gone to the people responsible for diversity policy to discuss the intentions, metrics or organisational concerns that shaped the policy.

If you don't know the functional and non-functional requirements for a system, you should find them out and if you disagree go to the stakeholders. Choosing not to do so is not high-performing employee behaviour in any organisation.