It's sounds like plain racism. It will probably hurt your odds of getting a job, but I wouldn't worry too much about personal info.

What I've noticed is that India is a really big place and the spectrum consists of some of the smartest people you'll ever meet and some of the absolute dumbest people.

Unfortunately, most people only really have access to the dumb ones. So they extrapolate that into a stereotype of all Indians.

I guess there's not much to do but keep going. I'm not sure whether you can report the incident to anyone, but it sounds awfully difficult without evidence.