If this is a hobby project, and the goal is to learn all five languages and 3-4 frameworks needed to create a traditional JS+API+DB web app, then go to town! Everything you want to do (eg keyboard-driven layout) is possible on the modern Web; you'll just need to read a lot of documentation. (And you will have quite a valuable skill-set at the end of it).
But if you just want to get something done (and especially if you're used to the ease of VB), be warned that the web is a exhausting many-tentacled pile of technologies. You might want to look at a simpler approach. I'm biased - I'm cofounder of a tool that aims to bring the VB experience to web apps (visual UI design, everything in one language [Python] etc - check it out at https://anvil.works). If you don't want to tangle with the web, something like Anvil, or building a native desktop application, are still possible routes.