100 companies responsible for 71% of greenhouse gas emissions
independent.co.uk
independent.co.uk
The same argument can be applied when people look at China and think they are the problem because of their high use of coal and manufacturing industry. Well, I'd guess that a lot of their output is going to Western consumers, so again, it is they who are responsible.
That sure sounds nice.
These companies really do pollute, really are the largest American CO@ emitters and as Americans we have a right to answers and solutions.
"You are shifting the blame" is a straw man because the GP didn't do that. Rather, it pointed out a nuance in the issue that the previous comment didn't acknowledge.
(And a nit: a straw man attacks an argument that was not made, not a thing that doesn't exist.)
> He didn't call them evil, you are accusing him of doing that (You are closer to constructing a straw-man than he is).
Read my comment again. I said "a lot of rhetoric does X," which is vastly different from "you are doing X."
Good thing I'm not doing that, then.
Its not me or you thats changing law to pollute on behalf of corporations or companies. Its lawyers working for corporations.
So how is the commentator "Straw-manning"??
This isn't a situation where you're blaming someone who buys an iPhone for all the pollution Apple creates in making them. Here, the actual person "doing" the pollution is you and me, when we buy a gas-powered car and drive it dozens of miles through suburban gridlock to get to work, or leave the thermostat at 68 on a hot summer day.
And while it might be reasonable to say that an iPhone consumer has no idea what toxic crap is involved in making that seemingly innocuous product, that's absolutely not reasonable when it comes to the products made by Exxon, etc. Everyone "knows better."
And they need cars and gasoline to do those things because American cities and suburbs are usually built around cars as opposed to walking, cycling, and mass transit. While that's not exclusively due to oil and car companies— desires to maintain segregation played a huge part too— they certainly played a huge part in ensuring American society was built in a way that ensured demand for their products.
Auto, tire and oil companies had an affect in some places.
These examples demonstrate what lies in the power of the consumer and what doesn't pretty well though. Leaving the thermostat at 68 could be argued to be wasteful for the mere convenience of having it 'nice and cool'. However, I think it's in the hands of politicians to see that the energy powering the A/C unit, comes from more environmentally-friendly sources. Such a solution would certainly be a lot more reliable and sustainable than requiring every citizen to just live with the heat even though everybody knows the cool air of the A/C is just one button press away.
Similarly for your other example of driving through the suburban gridlock. I guess nobody wishes for traffic jams and long commutes through concrete deserts. However, people just use the existing infrastructure. What would be the alternative? Live closer to the city center, which probably results in much higher cost of living. Or not going to the city center every day, which would require having a (compared to most) very flexible job.
These are issues that need to be solved on a political level and not by simply expecting everyone to 'do the right thing' (in this case meaning, to behave more environmentally friendly), while at the same time knowing that this often comes with a financial or quality-of-life cost that most people are not willing to bear.
EDIT: typos
People aren't just using the existing infrastructure. This is what they're choosing to build. In the late 1980s, Loudon County VA (the county next door to where I grew up) was mostly rural. Over the last 30 years I've watched it develop, and guess what? People developed it into a car-dependent sprawl, on purpose, and from scratch. People want their McMansion on an acre of lawn they never use, where they have to drive 15-20 minutes to the nearest grocery store. People want it so much, they get on municipal zoning boards and outlaw building anything else.
However, customers typically have little information on how many greenhouse gases are produced for a given product they buy, and especially not when it counts -- that is, in a store before a purchase -- so they cannot be reasonably expected to vote with their wallet.
One solution might be a combination of:
1) Labeling all products with the emissions that took to create them, so customers can easily vote with their wallet. Perhaps display them next to prices, perhaps with a label like Nutritional Facts on food products, or like a warning when some emissions threshold is exceeded, like smoking risks on cigarette cartons. Customers should not have to watch documentaries or do research on which companies are environmentally friendly and which aren't, but rather have that information given at purchase time.
One or both of:
2a) Subsidizing environmentally-friendly ways of production (perhaps even just for a time) so that these companies can survive against their coal-burning competitors. This way, customers voting with their wallet don't have to pay extreme prices for alternatives just because they think reducing greenhouse gases is good for the world -- with subsidies or tariffs, we could make alternatives somewhat price-competitive.
2b) Taxing goods made with too many greenhouse gases (i.e. the reverse of 2a).
We do. But, what is your point there? Are you saying that individuals have the ability to group up and stop it by not buying? Because that would be true. But, there's always that problem of realism that gets in the way. In theory, yes, we could pretty much solve or do anything as humans. Does that mean its realistically possible? No. Corporations have grown up with capitalistic countries, and are ingrained in its culture and work.
Sure, I'll stop shopping at Walmart. Until I see my grocery bills go up, and my savings dipped into to pay bills. Its the same story for many, many others.
People don't know any better, and even if they did, and we all grouped together, these conglomerates have such a gargantuan amount of money stored away that they can bet it won't last. They'll win that bet. Employees go on strike, get new ones. Employees try to form a union, close the store, re-open a month later.
When you consider the absolutetely massive size of the money and assets here, the very notion that its 'our' fault, is true, but its reasonings misleading.
My point was just addressing the main theme of the article which is trying to make out that if we just got rid of these companies, we'd cut emissions by 71%. Well yeh sure, but then the world wouldn't continue to function as normal.
As individuals, we have the same methods as we always have. Don't drive when you can walk, use renewable energy, get an electric car, shop local, etc.
And of course, regulating both "ourselves", such that demand goes away. E.g. banning sales of diesel cars. And regulating businesses so that they aren't polluting unduly on our behalf e.g. carbon capture in power stations.
That's the second time you've said that. What article are you reading?
The one I'm reading from this thread says: “Our purpose is not to name and shame firms, our purpose is to provide transparency and call attention to the quite extraordinary fact that just 100 companies played a crucial role in the problem,” said Pedro Faria, technical director of the Carbon Majors Database, which collected the information for the report. “It’s obvious they have a share of responsibility in the solution.”
I think that last sentence is key. These 100 companies are profiting off of creating the majority of the problem, some even maliciously. Does levying responsibility upon these companies necessitate their destruction?
>The most polluting investor-owned companies on the list are ExxonMobil, Shell, BP and Chevron
Are they trying to say that those companies pollute directly, or that they sell to people who then pollute?
Because the former is definitely the company's fault. And we should be asking them to stop that.
But the latter is entirely the responsibility of their customers. And that's us.
The companies are selling polluting materials, every single one of them is a producer of fossil fuels. Can you really sell a customer a gallon of gas and then blame them for the pollution when burning it?
If Alice pays Bob to procure a tuna sandwich for her, and Bob chooses a means of procural that kills Cathy as a byproduct, common sense dictates that Bob is again a felon, while the amount of responsibility born by Alice depends on the extent to which she was aware of what Bob was going to do.
Right. (In this case), Alice is now aware, they are both felons for future transactions.
And even leaving market mechanics aside 'demand' doesn't justify 'anything'.
A civilized society operates on rules and regulations. This is a problem of regulations, capture and unconstrained behavior by corporates.
Utterly wrong under multiple criteria.
1. If you read the article you'll see a number of these companies exist in polities that are in no way representative democracies without even the genuine goal (let alone a somewhat decent implementation) of a full market system, making them insulated from even general population pressure let alone market pressure.
2. For the ones that exist in the 1st World under reasonably market-based economies, you are still wrong, because the entire point of a market economy is that the price represents that all costs, ie., no externalities. Consumers can of course factor in non-cost factors at their option, but when it comes to something like pollution everything associated should be built in and it is absolutely not the end consumers fault if some company is committing fraud by failing to deal with externalities.
It's unfortunate modern conservatives in particular have done a full 180 and grown to hate the Free Market and refuse to implement emissions pricing, but that isn't up to individuals in their role as consumers (though in a democracy it is their fault in their role as citizens if they're supporting anti-market politicians). If the price of emitting a ton of CO2 or CH4 was simply set at the price of industrially removing (within a year) a ton, then things would be sorted out from there. The vast majority of humanity needs to be involved with externally produced products and/or services to survive in the modern world, that's not some option or crime. The sticker price should be reflecting all costs so they can make appropriate comparisons and choices.
I don't know how this thread is surviving this long without someone arguing with you about this.
The demand is created by (the marketing departments of) the companies. Come on.
I can understand a coal plant producing a lot of emissions, but I'm wondering: why would a petroleum company generate a lot of emissions? Do they burn a lot of the fuel they produce? I thought they just pump the crude oil out, pass it through fractional distillation, and sell the resultant fuels?
[1] https://b8f65cb373b1b7b15feb-c70d8ead6ced550b4d987d7c03fcdd1...
Yes, this is kinda dumb.
Conversely, if all of these companies were suddenly shut down 100 new ones would rise up in their place to replace them.
Demand drives consumption.
Writing a report about how 71% of emissions come from 100 companies doesn't convey meaningful information to the reader about the nature of the problem of global warming.
Demand for energy drives a consumption for energy and these companies provide the energy. If we had instead learned how to convert puppies to energy in the late 19th century instead of fossil fuels, we'd probably be burning puppies.
Only, most of the smoke stacks are chillers and most of all that smoke is steam. The chillers looks like the kind most often associated with nuclear power plants.
If you took all those emissions and photoshopped away all the H2O, you'd have a very small wisp of smoke. That smoke would still be a problem. But the photo would not inspire fear and concern.
When an article leads off with that kind of spurious fearmongering, it damages any real value that might exist later in the article. Any real data and real concerns get obscured in all the fake smoke the article is purposely generating.
Pictures makes articles more appealing, easier to understand and profitable.
It's not like they are even lying, you agree there is some smoke an pollutants in there.
What should they take a picture of?
Can't smokestacks, a long time symbol of industry, be just that a symbol? It's not like they are lying about the numbers in the article or even make claims about the picture.
You made a list of the top 100 companies.. that is literally naming names.
Then you say they're responsible for 71% of the problem and need to improve.. that is literally shaming them.
For a supposedly-intelligent person, it's disappointing he doesn't know the definitions of the words he uses.
Try voting with your wallet and changing your bank.
Then consequentially I should get back all my tax money that went into setting up international trade and other economic deals, since apparently this should also have been my responsibility and these arrangements would have just popped up if I had 'voted with my wallet'.
Perhaps that isn't what you meant, but it sure looks to me like that's what you said.
Politicians are just people too.
Voting for representatives who will make laws that create the change you want to see in the world is absolutely not "relying on someone else."
Ah the fallacy that we need "other people" to solve the tragedy of the commons. Try just not grazing your cattle too much!
There can be personal action which can coincide with group and political action.
This is a free-rider problem where imposing a cost on yourself (such as using more expensive, greener alternatives, reducing consumption, etc) make almost no difference to the overall problem. We need to ensure that the vast majority make these changes.
The (simplified) payoff matrix is something like this:
----
I am green: I win
Society is green: We all win a lot
----
I am green: I lose a lot
Society is not green: We all lose a lot
----
I am not green: I win a lot
Society is green: We all win a lot
----
I am not green: I lose, but at least I have a big car
Society is not green: We all lose a lot
----
There are two ways out of the trap:
1. Innovation makes green solutions cheaper and better, such that going green is a win for the individual and for society.
2. Governments force green solutions to be the cheaper option, using laws and taxation.
> 2. Governments force green solutions to be the cheaper option, using laws and taxation.
That's not happening, but I'm sure you've noticed. So you're better off to invest in and back the innovators with your wallet by purchasing their products and by divesting (this need to be done, actively to work), which is what I said originally.
Also there is plenty to gain from being innovative on a personal level. For example, you may perceive consuming less is a "cost" but is it really? If I consume less, I have more money (meaning I have to work less), I have less "stuff" to deal with, and I have less rubbish to throw out.
You're not giving me anything new to be honest.
The big issue is oil has a very high energy density. Its relatively cheap to extract and transfer.
If we do end up figuring out solar panels that intake C02 and water and output oil, that would be the biggest invention of our generation.
Basically we need more efficient trees at scale. May be DNA programming will come to the rescue.