http://www.kanzlei-hasselbach.de/2014/kuendigung-und-kuendig...
Two weeks notice during probation period. - What's more relevant:
If they actually signed a legal contract they also need to provide him with a written and signed contract termination. As far as I understand a signed contract exists and no written notice has been delivered. The notice period is counted starting from the day of the delivery of that physical mail.
https://www.anwalt.de/rechtstipps/die-kuendigung-vor-arbeits...