TypeScript is, strictly, a superset of javascript. You probably could "jump directly to TypeScript" but you would not be able to "skip learning JavaScript" as TypeScript is based off the concepts in JS.

That being said, I don't see why you couldn't learn them concurrently; you can learn the basics of TypeScript and then simply rewrite any relevant JS example code into TypeScript to learn JS code in a TS context.

Edit: I should also point out that integrating with any JS libraries may require you to install the '@types/' package alongside it to maintain type-safety. For example, if you're using jQuery, you can install the '@types/jquery' package which will expose all the type information for the jquery package.