So Dart has a few different compilation targets: JavaScript for building front-end web apps and the Dart VM [1]. There's also some work being done for other compilation targets, specifically for faster development cycles when doing front-end web stuff.

The interesting thing about the Dart VM is there's no JavaScript at all. You can even link to C and C++ code from Dart.

1: Here's a discussion on how the Dart VM is implemented: https://groups.google.com/a/dartlang.org/forum/#!topic/misc/...)