>There are a lot of problems for which you effectively have limitless data.

>For example, optimizing the shape of an aerofoil, wing, wind turbine, ship, pump, etc. The "real" data is the result of computationally costly fluid dynamics simulations.

I'm doing something similar at the moment. The data is not limitless. It's in fact quite expensive.

In most cases you still need to generate the large number of simulations in your training set, and the simulations are computationally expensive to do. If you're doing it on a metered platform you can tie the cost of the data set directly to the number of cpu hours need to generate it, and from there to a dollar value.