42-inch yacht still hoping to become the smallest boat to cross the Atlantic
yachtingworld.com
yachtingworld.com
I enjoyed watching a documentary ( "Maidentrip" http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2555268 ) about a young girl that sailed around the world just for fun. She did it in an older boat with limited electronics on board and had fun and made frequent stops just to visit other cultures.
Contrasted with another young girl ( "Wildeyes" http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1939787/ ) that did it for a record's sake, on a modern boat, with multiple sponsors, packed with electronics (all of which failed) and ultimately capsized in the Indian ocean.
And another good one was "Deep Water" ( http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0460766/ ) where a man tried to win an "around the world" yacht race (for a business venture) but ultimately went insane and jumped overboard.
Once in a big storm, I can't even imagine the beating one would take inside that tiny craft, sliding down the face of a monster wave, crashing into the trough at the bottom, getting rolled. But perhaps his hull and rig design isn't subject to the same broaching and capsizing forces as a larger monohull...
I'm curious to read more about the design of the boat, his equipment, procedures and planning. Though it's best not to judge from a mere photo, there were several things visible in the images of the craft and video of his attempted departure that seemed counter to good seamanship.
That boat's not tipping over.
I did a trans-Atlantic about 10 years ago (Liverpool, england to Salvador, Brazil) as part of the clipper challenge race. We had a few force 8 and above experiences between the training and the actual trip. The boats were a bit bigger (68 foot, from memory) but either way it's amazing how resilient they are.
Once we went right over surfing down a wave (had a broach). At one point the boat was standing upright on the bow and was over so far that the mast was almost level with water so I could walk up it. The team spent a lot of time stitching those sails together again :-)
Wow, did you flip over end over end then? How did you become oriented with the direction of the wave? Did the boat just right itself?
The skipper decided to dump the line that was holding the spinnaker pole back, which turned out to be a terrible idea. Obviously that line has all the force on it, so the spinnaker pole shot forward and snapped in half on the forestay (thank God it didn't take the rigging out). It didn't really ease the pressure and the kite was still flying.
Luckily (or not) the kite ripped under the force. It was still pulling us along but because enough pressure had come off everything by this stage we were able to get the main down.
We ended up having to drop the kite in the sea and then spent a couple of hours getting it back on board.
It was a pretty exciting afternoon :-)
I remember sailing out of Hilton Head area (SE Georgia US) on a thirty footer and damn can waves just make the horizon vanish let alone that feeling you get when you don't see land. Throw in sail is not something I would want to manage by myself.
I'm in the Maritimes (south east Canada) and I know it can be incredibly rough here 10m (33 foot) waves are normal off Newfoundland. It's so bad an entire 25,000 ton oil rig sank in a storm a few decades ago.
One rogue wave could smash that little 42 inch yacht to bits the size of confetti.
I wish the Tiny Yacht guy luck but it's going to be rough!
Is this the Bay of Fundy?
[1] "Adrift: 76 days lost at sea," Callahan, Steven (1986).
[0] https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/07/fisherman-lost...
Given he has taken adequate precautions and has appropriate equipment, I have absolutely no issue with his rescue being at taxpayer expense.
The one thing that he should iron out before making the crossing is making sure that there won't be any fatigue issues with the hull. Doing appropriate testing (I don't know the material and don't know the best non-destructive methods for testing it) on a used hull to make sure there aren't cracks/flaws that develop over time is a good idea.
Given he'll have to sleep, I also think that a reliable electronic alerting system that continuously monitors bilge level / hull integrity and the position/orientation of the boat seems like a necessary addition as well. Early warning of critical issues in such a small craft is a good idea.
Sailing Alone Around the World https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailing_Alone_Around_the_World about Joshua Slocum, the first person to sail around the world alone
Confessions of a Long Distance Sailor https://arachnoid.com/sailbook/ about Paul Lutus sailing around the world alone from 1988-1991
Both are interesting kind of like Maidentrip (which I haven't seen, will have to check out) - visiting different cultures, limited technical means (although Paul did have a computer, TV, VCR...).
Maybe he knows that he has a safety valve, he can survive in that bubble for x days until rescue comes. I'm claustrophobic (not actually diagnosed but IMO) so unless I could save my children's lives, I wouldn't even try.
Maybe all the stars will align, but if I had to bet, for his next attempt, he already has his food supply.
The largest ship, the Pioneering Spirit, displaces 932,000 tonnes [2].
The Pioneering Spirit is over a million times larger than the Undaunted.
I have been unable to determine how their nutella reserves compare.
[1] https://littleboatproject.org/specs/
[2] https://www.deltamarin.com/references/pioneering-spirit-piet...
Here's a very simple example why Metric is better:
Length: 1m Draught: 1.5 cubic meters Density of salt water is a bit over 1.0
How heavy can the Undaughted get untill it sinks? Easy to answer in metric, since 1.5 cubic meters equal to 1500 kg of water.
Looking at the weight: 544kg unladen, or 816kg laden, means it is about half as dense overall as it's draught in water.
Everybody can do that calculation while reading the article in a second, and these conversions get second nature soon. Impossible with imperial.
> “My diet consists of nuts, dried fruit, protein powder, nutrition bars, a variety of soups, stews, pasta, peanut butter, Nutella and so on. I have a huge variety as well as 64,000 extra calories in the form of two gallons of olive oil to add to my food.
> “None of my food needs cooking but I do have a 12V/120W heat coil wand to heat water for dinner or tea or coffee, if I can afford the power. With a two-minute boil time I should be able to use it often. All of this fits in the bilge and down the keel.”
I wondered how he did food. And how he has pasta that doesn't need cooked but lasts six months.
Even ages ago when Top Ramen was a staple of my diet, I found it much too salty to use the entire flavor packet.
...Nope. The kid is actually trying to pilot it himself. 48" boat. Honestly, wonder which challenge is harder. I know which one I'd prefer.
I agree though that I never heard a professor refer to his students in this way and would definitively find it strange if that happened.
[1]: http://gotransat.com
Good thing he has experience with meditation and living along, it's going to be a miserable trip. If a storm rolls through he might be holed up in the tiny cabin for days.
The boats fly rather than sail these days. They're an amazing leap in design.
http://www.yachtingworld.com/americas-cup/107565-107565
https://www.landrover.co.uk/experience-landrover/sponsorship...
They're amazing feats of engineering, but not really representative of current usage.
For anyone who's into sailing, they'll know about these amazing modern craft, but most people won't. I was hoping to convince those who aren't engaged in sailing at all to watch the Americas Cup this year (because it's going to be awesome).
I think they should measure these ships by underwater volume at time of departure.
Otherwise, the next 'yacht' will be a foot long and wide but 20 feet high, most of it underwater, and some brave/suicidal soul will volunteer to 'sail' it.
You can also be clever by designing a 'boat' that is nothing more than a mast with a large counterweight standing vertically in the water, attach your permanently inflated 20 meter long 'life raft' to it, and live out of that life raft during the trip. Such a 'boat' could easily be less than a foot long.
I think the person designing this boat would also call your hypothetical cheating, but that doesn't make his boat cheating.
Underwater volume == weight of the boat. You need a hefty underwater keel in a sailboat, especially a blue-water boat, otherwise the forces on the sail could make it capsize.
I would not be surprised to find that there is a separate record for lowest displacement crossing, though that would be much more dangerous as it would encourage you to skimp on supplies.
In any event this boat is pretty lean by your standard too, as at 1800lbs (~800kg) laden, it displaces about 5-6 times as much as a fully rigged and crewed Laser Standard[1], which is not something you could cross the Atlantic in.
The remarkable thing is that they did not have nearly enough petrol for the trip -- they left off and when they ran out, they signaled passing larger ships to beg for more. They had a small amateurish sail which was useless.
Pretty cool project, though.
> Undaunted is a terrible boat, but he is a great storm shelter. A sailing capsule ready for the worst and also able to do the easy part, sailing in a straight line.
So basically it's about surviving indefinitely while drifting in the right direction. Why does anyone do this voluntarily.
> Kent says he is unconcerned about the psychological challenge of living in such a small space for four months.
> “I have spent weeks alone in the Guatemalan Highlands, and lived alone in the woods for years. I have never been so alone or for so long, but few have.
Ah.
That reminds me of the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy's description of flight: "The knack lies in learning how to throw yourself at the ground and miss"
Anyone know is there an intentional reason to use "he" for the boat here? Normally sailing vessels are female in English and this was jarring to me, but it looks intended.
> Though the term "hull speed" seems to suggest that it is some sort of "speed limit" for a boat, in fact drag for a displacement hull increases smoothly and at an increasing rate with speed as hull speed is approached and exceeded, often with no noticeable inflection at hull speed.
Which makes it sound like Hull Speed is not very relevant to look at, but later it also says:
> This very sharp rise in resistance at around a speed-length ratio of 1.3 to 1.5 [where hull speed is reach] probably seemed insurmountable in early sailing ships and so became an apparent barrier. This leads to the concept of 'hull speed'.
The page on Wave-Makign Resistance is related [2]. So it sounds like hull speed is not a hard limit (and is surpassed easily in powered boats or in specific boat designs like racing kayaks) but would be a reasonable upper bound for how fast this particular yatch could go even though nothing truly specific changes right at hull speed. Can anyone elaborate?
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull_speed [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave-making_resistance
There's many other variables (weight, beam, etc.), here's a fun one: we once rented a 25 footer mostly because it was incredibly cheap (something like 150 EUR for a week). It was surprisingly slow for its size, even in fairly involved wind where we needed engine help to tack it had trouble breaking past 5-6 knots, to the amusement of not-much-larger yachts that overtook us like a German traveling salesman on the Autobahn. I took a dive under to see what was up with the hull and was faced with a scene not too different from the rocky bottom of the sea: barnacles, algae, some of them trailing foot long appendices...
The OP "yacht" is very strange to me as it looks like the guy put a keel and a sail on a buoy. The sailing dynamics appear to involve pitching forward instead of heeling (leaning sideways). I'm amazed he can do as much as 2.4 knots.
[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CbJS_ZHs6g (Formula windsurfing)
[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7ie5C1-b3w (Mirabaud LX: foiler, without hull)
The photos on this [1] page make me think of a keel welded to a sandblasting cabinet...
The shortest path is from Cape Verde to Brazil, around 1350 nm, but doldrums (area with not wind) is there, so not the smartest place to sail.
The solution for this vessel was to heavily ballast the vessel. With this comes a large sacrifice of speed.
It's notable that the prototypical ocean-crossing monohull could be said to be the Volvo Open series, which are used in the Volvo Ocean Race (a triannual race around the world). The LOA (full length) of these boats is 72.6 ft.
> He just bobs up and down. With a balance point about 16in above the keel and a 5ft draught he has a stability profile most designers would kill for. ndaunted is a terrible boat, but he is a great storm shelter. A sailing capsule ready for the worst and also able to do the easy part, sailing in a straight line.
How true is this? If it is, wouldn't the same hull profile be beneficial for lifeboats?
One compromise made by the 42-inch yacht is speed. As a general rule, speed is proportional to hull-length: the longer the boat, the faster it can go [1].
In the case of the lifeboats carried by ships, they need to be space-efficient enough to be carried, and have enough capacity to take passengers, and although it's very stable, I'm not sure the 42-inch yacht would be practical as an emergency lifeboat.
[1] http://www.boats.com/reviews/crunching-numbers-hull-speed-bo...
The only similarly shaped hulls I can think of are barges, but they are towed by 1000 horsepower tugboats.
I didn't see any details in the article or website about the design other than that it was designed to pitch rather than roll, and tapering the front seems like it would just add to this effect.
I wish the downvoter had just said "Dumb question, everyone knows that hull shape doesn't matter on a small boat" or "He covered this exact question on his website" or given some indication why they felt this was not an appropriate question
> "I know nothing about boats, but...I...suggest...rounding off 6 - 12" from the edges."
That man is a professional sailor, and you know nothing about boats. I think that people don't like when a person who knows nothing decides that they know better.
> Not sure why I was down voted...I wish the downvoter had...
Please don't do this. HN comment guidelines ( https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html ) say "Please resist commenting about being downvoted. It never does any good, and it makes boring reading."
Edit: here's a profile picture of the hull. Maybe it's just to ease fabrication and he doesn't care too much about speed.
In the British usage of the word, a sailboat is a dinghy if it's open-top, and yacht if it has an enclosed cabin. He can close his hatch creating a sealed interior, so it's a yacht. (We very rarely use 'sailboat' alone, as Americans do.)
In the US usage, the term 'yacht' seems to be mired in classism and elitism. A boat is french's mustard, and a yacht is grey poupon. There's no simple definition to tell you when a vessel is one or the other.
Quite bizarre - given that America traditionally imagines herself as classless, you'd almost expect these two to be reversed.
In my view more that americans of all classes view themselves in some way as part of an unified 'rebellious'/'underdog' class.. so most anything that sticks out as having any pretence is 'elitist'.. nevermind that this attitude itself has it's own flavor of pretense to false-humility.. but I digress..
Standing on the ocean side
We can hear the waves
Calling us out with tide
To sail into our fate
Oden! Guide our ships
... (c) Amon Amarth
The time has come to fight, the time to strike is now
Reload the cannons, and sharpen up your swords
They will regret the day they faced the pirate horde
Who will survive no-one can tell
Come on, lets give 'em hell
... (c) Alestorm
Shun the beckoning land!
Choose the open sea instead
To whatever end!
Took down to wondrous depths
Sullen we did go
Where shapes of unwarped primal
Gliding to and fro
... (c) Ahab
[1] Tommy Boy - https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=vfLGKYsrCe4
I admit I am still a bit torn on the former. I do consider addiction to be a medical condition, and drug users in need of treatment. The question is where personal responsibility should factor in. At some point, if you do drugs, there was a good chance you were dumb enough to start doing them.
Should we make sugary drinks illegal, since we spend millions treating people for obesity related diseases? Or should we put speed limiters on cars, because of the cost of treating people injured in high speed accidents?
Let's make an analogy with alcohol. When alcohol isn't illegal, there is a quality supply of it. When you buy a bottle of 40% whisky, you're not getting something that might be 25% methanol due to some criminal doing an improper job with the distilling, because he only cares about money, wiping out his competitors, and evading the cops, with your health being at the bottom of his priorities.
(Which is not to say, of course, that legal alcohol eliminates the public health problem of alcoholism.)
Why do you consider that strange?
Why should we pay money to enforce a legal regime of prohibition that subsidises the most dangerous and ruthless transnational criminal organisations -- to the point that entire fucking countries get destabilised from cartels and US military intervention? Why should my tax dollars pay to enforce criminal laws that turn the crank of the "iron law of prohibition" and cause drug use to be more and more deadly (which we all end up paying for, via taxes and medical costs)? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_law_of_prohibition
Why do people think it's fine to enforce a legal regime that immiserates drug users to the point that they're willing to risk their life (I don't own guns, but lots of USians do) kicking in my door and stealing my old laptop to pawn for some overpriced fentanyl-laced drugs (sold by criminals) that might overdose them in the street? There'd be less laptops stolen out of cars and houses and less people keeling over in the streets and less "gang-related shootings" if addicts could just buy some fucking precisely-dosed pharmaceutical-grade opioids at-cost from a pharmacy.
Didn't we already try this? Murder done by organised crime combined with ineffective/corrupt police and low homicide clearance rates, along with along with severe increases in incarceration rates, increases in overdose deaths from alcohol/drug consumption (caused by higher potency and more impurities) isn't a new syndrome, it also cropped up during the 1920-1933 alcohol prohibition. Ending that prohibition slashed the murder rate. Why can't we do the same thing for drugs?
Where's the "personal responsibility" that prohibitionists need to own up to? Will they take responsibility for how their policies helped trash the US's homicide clearance rate? Is "less solved murders" worth the wondrous results that drug prohibition has given us?
The harm that drug use/manufacture causes is a lot more a function of the relevant policies/laws than the actual chemicals themselves. Indeed, most of the harm from illicit drug use comes from:
1. dose/concentration uncertainty or potential contamination with higher-potency drugs -- like unexpected fentanyl inside heroin
2. contamination with unwanted or dangerous chemicals (from manufacturing / distribution processes) -- such as https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPTP or cutting agents
3. Poly-drug use: combining any two of {opioids, benzos, alcohol} to exploit synergistic effects -- which can easily result in respiratory depression
4. Designer drugs: using a less tested / more dangerous compound because the better tested and safer one is prohibited.
All of these are either caused or significantly worsened by prohibition and can be much more readily avoided without prohibition. Those harms are not inherent to drug use; indeed, people who have adequate access to pharmaceutical-grade opioids can safely use them for decades without any major medical complications.
Most of the US opioid problem is from legally obtained doctor prescribed meds.
In general following medical advice is not usually seen as irresponsible.
Does anyone have any better answer than "to set a record", or "just because"?
I do give the guy props for taking it seriously. Given the constraints he has imposed on himself he seems very well prepared. But, together with the parent poster, I just can't see the point.
This guy set himself a clear goal and is trying to achieve it. It probably brings him some fulfillment regardless of the result.
I feel bad for putting it that way, especially if someone younger reads it, because this can lead to developing a cynical world view that isn't necessarily valid. I'm not trying to give you an existential crisis or something, but go down the (thought) avenue completely if you're taking a trip to that destination, don't just stop in the middle of the road. People do things because they enjoy them or simply want to; life is hopefully enjoyable for most, and then sadly but inevitably we all die one day.
"Perhaps 'because it is there' is not sufficient reason for climbing a mountain?"
Meaning is a really hard thing for me to pin down. Most people go to work, not because work is fun, but because they want money. to them, it's real, meaningful security. It's a place to live and food to eat. The 'meaning' is pretty clear. Some of those people work to provide for their families. These are pretty clear, easy examples.
I screw around reading hacker news, and getting into discussions, because sometimes they're really fun. The meaning, for me, is exposure to other viewpoints and ways of thinking about the world. I do have to admit, i'm probably getting my life sucked out of me doing this, five minutes at a time, with silly comments like these. But i rationalize and such, and invest these conversations with meaning.
As far as i can tell, there's really only two possible ways to have meaning. Stuff that i think is important (poor word choice. Stuff i'm perhaps emotionally invested in, or enjoy, or am attracted to). The other way is theological. I'm not a theological person, so i'll set that aside as meaningless. But i'm happy to follow that sort of argument if you want to make it. Again, i'm here for the viewpoint, because that's the part that has meaning to me.
Perhaps this is all rambling nonsense. I'll try to make some sort of point. Do you do anything meaningful for a reason other than it's important to you or (maybe) your god? For any reason you pick, i can find you a person that made a different choice. For example, you chose to spend some time on HN tonight. I can guarantee my mom didn't spend any time on this site.
You (or maybe your god) invests the world with meaning. You get to pick how to spend your day. I get to pick how to spend my day. We probably don't make the same choices. The boat guy, he makes very different choices than both of us. But that's ok. The choices we make probably look just as pointless to him as his choices do to us.
We'll all be dead soon enough. I'd encourage you to let people doing weird stuff just be weird - as long as you feel they're not endangering the rest of us somehow. That guy is going to try a crazy thing. I also think it's meaningless. But it's not meaningless to him. I'd suggest that criticizing someone for trying a meaningless thing is even more meaningless.
you're going to die someday buddy. Do stuff that means something to you.
Granted after reading I see there is research. It has a lid/cover/emergency floatation. Also granted, it's something of an "achievement' not just strutting around bragging about nothing.
Edit: Although why do I care, let this guy push boundaries, good luck and have fun, be safe. This guy's out there doing something rather than complaining about life or whatever... I am the problem here. I can't choose a side. I don't know who I am... hahaha. Sad.
Unless the argument is that wanting to cross the atlantic itself is gross negligence, but that's slippery slope to "anything but staying home and watching TV like a good citizen is gross negligence".
Examples of gross negligence: being dismasted in low or moderate wind conditions because lack of maintenance to the rigging and/or motor failing because of lack of a fuel filtering system, departing when conditions are obviously not favorable (wind against current in the Gulf Stream off the US coast).
There is no such thing as a clear line but it can be established for each case I think.
"He set off from La Gomera in the Canary Islands on 6 April, but returned after concerns about his boat’s seaworthiness.
He explains: “I wasn’t really in too much danger, [but] there was a weak point in the boat that was concerning me. The emergency floatation system component that was on the rudder assembly was getting hammered so hard in these really close together waves. The float was getting jammed upwards so fast and so often the boat’s movement couldn’t keep up.
“It was the worst, most unpredictable and erratic conditions I have ever sailed in with that boat. When it started gusting 45 knots I decided that I shouldn’t keep going with such an obvious weak link.”"
Actually, the boat sounds very cool. It's 5 feet deep, but sits low in the water and has extra storage; 40 gallons of water with pump-operated purification, and 6 months worth of food. I have to think it would have been worth it to go just a little bigger in order to have enough room to fully lie down, though.
[1]doesn't apply to ski resorts
Everything else was included in the minimal day use fee, saw one guy take an abridged version of the hike (due to injury), whereby they covered the finger lakes on boat, and hiked by the short rapids in the slot valleys.
On another note, Parker's Trail is horrible, and when they actually hike the Chilkoot trail they successfully picked the absolute shittiest of conditions (not quite snow, but a slushy, slippery mess). In the summer, it isn't terrible to boulder up, and I found it to be quite an enjoyable trip, got really lucky with some great views & conditions.
As a counter point, Australia is sparsely populated. Apart from the coastal cities it is often hundreds of kilometers between towns or road houses. So the cost of mounting a land rescue can get into the tens of thousands of dollars.
Also there is a lot of ocean area for which Australia is the closest landmass. There have been numerous ocean rescues mounted from Australia for sailors competing in round the world races or record attempts, some of them soloists:
http://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/11/world/australia-rescues-sa...
http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/family-cannot-afford-to-p...
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-03-19/south-african-men-resc...
http://www.news.com.au/national/sailors-snapped-leg-forces-1...
These rescues have cost hundreds to millions of dollars each and generally have been paid for by Australian tax payers as noted in some of the articles.
So yes it is nice that you will be rescued. But these people all put themselves in a dangerous position for their own entertainment/ego and needed rescue at great expense to others. The millions that were spent for some of the rescues needed to be diverted from services/programs that would have benefited the taxpayers.
The geographic and population distribution differences between countries means that some countries will end up with a larger bill than others for mounting such rescues.
For this guy trying to prove something by sailing the smallest boat, if he can't take out "rescue" insurance, he should not go. Alternatively, he could also arrange for a support vessel to follow close by in case he needs assistance.
I'd also point out -- taxpayers spend millions on training exercises for these same crews so that the teams will know how to rescue people who need rescuing from more "acceptable according to grandparent" perils. Seems like rescuing a few crazy people attempting insane stunts could justifiably be rolled over into the training budget for these teams ...
I'll pay my taxes knowing that someone got cared for or saved, and that one day I might be the one needing that saving.
Say hello to Poseidon for me!
Don't you mean attempted?