DataWrangler [0] (now productionized as Trifacta Wrangler [1]) does pretty much that. It gives you suggested lists of transformations such as "Cut from position 18-25 as the Year column", that you can chain together as your data cleaning pipeline.

[0]: http://vis.stanford.edu/wrangler/

[1]: https://www.trifacta.com/products/wrangler/