Before anything else, the format and schema of the customer data would have to be analyzed and converted to data structures that match Google's internal models. While I imagine a computer could do it, I certainly would want a human to verify that the analysis makes sense.
Assuming this has been done, they are then at the mercy of the customer as far as whether the data is accurate, whether it is complete, how often it is updated, etc.
At the end of the day, I don't see how they would build a reliable business around arbitrary data structures which they have no control over. Information you can't trust is pretty useless.
Edit: They would also have to understand how the data was selected. Looking at a series of data points, you would wonder if all these are from Arizona, or all from the year 1976, or all from color blind individuals. Without understanding such limitations, making any sort of deduction from a dataset will just lead you the wrong way.