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As I believe humans are the #1 cause of climate change/ destruction and the eradication of other species, I think we could stand to lose about half the current human population until we can figure out a sustainable lifestyle.

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Setting aside the obvious moral problems with "losing" half the current human population, letting the market decide is exactly the wrong thing to do here. It's not the bottom 50% (the once that would starve) that are the problem in terms of climate change, it's the top 50% (or 10%). The average CO2 emissions per capita in the US are 16 metric tons per year, versus 1.6 in India [1]. You would end up with 50% of the population, but still have 95% of the CO2 emissions.

You could accomplish much more by cutting the fossil fuel subsidies ($5.3 trillion in 2015 if you count the externalities [2]).

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_carbon_di...

[2] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X16...

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