This gets repeated a lot, but people seem to forget that a large part of the continent/island [?] is inhospitable desert. Our population distribution looks like this: https://qph.ec.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-4afe2e7cc5078f81d6a999...

About 60% of the population is clustered in 4 cities [0] and we're one of the most urbanised countries in the world [1].

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demography_of_Australia#Cities

[1] https://infrastructure.gov.au/infrastructure/pab/soac/ & http://theconversation.com/density-sprawl-growth-how-austral...