It so far appears not to be hurting them. In the slightest.
This "warning" comes from the HN crowd every time something is posted about CockroachDB. I think it's time to LET IT GO.
I for one, completely disagree with you but that's because I have a different understanding of the relationship between the business side and engineering. We are already looked at as eccentric and strange people, rarely if ever has an absurd technology name caused issue.
Someone talking about "cockroach" is equivalent to talking about "unicorns" or "git." Its considerably less offensive than talk of "masters" and "slaves." If you think this is such a problem for you, then work on your salesmanship as I wouldn't hesitate to talk to other departments or investors about this product.
I was a CTO up until I took medical leave this past October and I cannot stress how important salesmanship is to the role. I think your examples of other databases are hyperbole and not the point. You want them to be equivalent but they aren't. This comes down to what you can sell in your organization and if there is merit to it, then selling it should not be a problem.
One last point is other departments don't give a shit what the database technology is called unless it's something to put on their CV. Just call it the "database" as they most certainly will.