There are two distinct uses of "dude". One is as an exclamation (not a form of address). "Dude, I'd never do that" is the approximate example in the article, and a woman might say that to another woman. She is not calling the other woman a dude. Test this claim by trying the following: "Man, I'd never do that." "Gentleman, I'd never do that." "Fellow, I'd never do that." etc. The use of "man" and "dude" as an exclamation has made it into everyday conversation. "Man that sucks!" has become an expression of dismay devoid of gender and indeed not even directed at any particular human.

Then there is the use of "dude" to refer to a specific person (singular). This is a very rare use of "dude" in reference a woman, and usually is used as commentary rather than a literal descriptor, or ironically. "She's such a dude." It is definitely making a comment on gender or stereotypes.

I would be very confused if you referred to me as a dude in everyday conversation, wondering what you were trying to say. On the other hand, I did recently say about myself, "I'm such a dude" when making a comment about my approach to an unfortunately often-gender-stereotyped activity, housekeeping.

I don't follow.

I've used dudette frequently over the decades.

So clearly we should all look at language through the lens of your childhood experiences. Got it.

Yep. I've never seen anyone get offended by it unless they were joking. Dude is normally the same as saying yo.