The Mind in the Whirlwind
nybooks.com
nybooks.com
It's an unsolvable mystery, in principle.
There is no scientific programme which has ever been put forth to understand how a physical system gives rise to phenomenological experience. This is not a matter of us not having the resources to conduct a series of experiments. This is us having absolutely no idea of what sorts of experiments we could run - forgetting resource constraints - to shed light on how matter generates consciousness.