> Solidworks, AutoCAD, etc. don't run on phones
"AutoCAD" is a brand that applies to a large number of different CAD-related programs, some of which are mobile apps.
> Photoshop/Lightroom/Illustrator don't run on phones
Both Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Photoshop Lightroom are in the Google Play Store for Android phones.
> SPICE, VHDL, Verilog don't run on phones
Well, I can find circuit design apps that support a subset of verilog, but this is basically right.
> Emacs/Vi don't run on phones
There are ports of both on the Android App Store, supporting phones.
> There are a host of actually-useful programs that are completely unsuitable for run on phone-computers, that do run well on laptop-computers and desktop-computers.
There may be applications that phones don't have the processing capacity for or that work best with certain I/O peripherals that phones aren't often used with, sure. But the array of classes apps that are completely unavailable for phones is smaller than you seem to think.