Others have talked about the taxation faced by Aramco. I also wonder how well Aramco is run.

I've heard government jobs in Saudi Arabia involve coming into the office maybe once a month.[0]

I'm not sure how representative that anecdote is, and I'm not sure if that's standard in Aramco too or not. Even if that's primarily just a factor of the public sector, I imagine it'd make it hard to compete for high quality labor in that ecosystem.

A large company sitting on abundant natural resources could develop lots of inefficient habits... has anyone written about management a/o culture at Aramco?

[0] http://www.npr.org/2016/02/11/466457128/saudi-arabia-turns-t...