Like it was mentioned here, focus more on the value you bring to the company, always make decisions like you own the company. If I were the owner, this is what I would do ...
It is a whole different perspective than thinking about "how much can I personally make". Once you get comfortable thinking in that mode (may take a couple of months & years), things will get clearer and you will be able to elevate your thinking and see the forest. It will then get easier for you to talk about "business" and negotiate your pay relative to what you bring. You may realize you are in the wrong company as getting paid $200k is not possible where you are.
If you keep looking around your peers and "at your level" (aka, why is he making more than me), it is definitely easier but you will not elevate your game and get to CTO/VPE.