I think it might be a few years old, but http://rebuilding-rails.com/ does the same thing for Rails.

There needs to be more books like this, but I imagine the lack of such material is due to the effort needed to break a framework down into its smallest pieces.

I loved this book. I only read parts of it, but the section on $scope and the digest cycle gave me such an awesome lightbulb moment.

That's a really cool idea, to build a clone of the framework you're trying to learn. Thanks for the link.