Recently found Z80 video of how a guy makes ZX Spectrum computer from ground up, fixes bugs and problems as he proceeds. Video is in Russian, but still amazing even if you don't understand it!
There's a whole book on the ULA - http://www.zxdesign.info/book/theZXSpectrumULA.shtml
If composite is enough, the NES PPU could be a fun addition to that design :)