The documentation links on the github page are broken; see http://realm.io to find out what it is. (AFAICT it's basically Firebase.)
The former is, as the HN post suggests, basically a database for mobile applications which you can use in place of SQLite or as a key value store.
The latter combines the database software which runs on the mobile devices with the Realm Object Server[2] which runs server side to provide something like Firebase (disclaimer: I've used the Mobile Database but haven't used the Mobile Platform (and Object Server) yet).
[0]: https://realm.io/products/realm-mobile-database/
https://realm.io/docs/javascript/latest and https://realm.io/docs/javascript/latest/api