With big companies, it's pretty common. There is probably something about your contact info or education/experience that was auto-flagged as a rejection.
I'd read that more like "after considering all data points...". I'm sure they read your resume beforehand. Maybe the discussion on their hiring team was "Well, if he pulls out some magic in the coding challenge..."
You never know. It's not helpful to be angry about it, although it's natural and understandable. It's not even necessarily your fault. Maybe they just found someone that would slot into the position easier, just because of differences in their experience, education, or personality.
This is an unreasonable expectation. If it gets to that point then it should be a no-hire, don't waste the candidates time.