IBM Punched Card Typography
masswerk.at
masswerk.at
The other side of this is how they stored the mapping from keys to hole patterns, with each key punching 0 to 3 holes. This was also done mechanically. Each key moved a lever ("bail") with tabs, and the tabs trip contacts that cause the right holes to be punched. But in between is a bunch of relay-based logic to handle shifting for special characters, numeric keypad mode, and so forth.
If you want to try out a 026 keypunch yourself, go to the Computer History Museum in Mountain View CA when they are demoing the IBM 1401.
How much this sounds like Silicon Valley today.
It's really just a rational survival principle.
Now a collectable for the potential "fan" ..