I understand what you're getting at, but as someone else commented the new profile could be the real user, and the pre-existing profile a fake.
Perhaps machine learning would be able to identify fake accounts with a higher degree of certainty than the 'matching name/picture' check, and only fakes with a high certainty rate are deleted.
From a different angle though, if no one has reported a fake account - does Facebook care about the existence of a fake account? Some friends a while ago created a fake account of a meme amongst our group. Funny, and not harming anyone. If Facebook blocked this account it would seem a little domineering/controlling. I'm not sure that's the impression Facebook wants to leave on people who make these sorts of accounts for a laugh.