Network I/O is obviously asynchronous - you may want to check the codebase. Disk I/O is synchronous, but: - uses sendfile() and read readahead() to reduce or eliminate the likelihood of blocking reads: see here please https://github.com/phaistos-networks/TANK/issues/14#issuecom...
- AIO is either broken or supported on XFS (depending on kernel release, and also in the past, appending to a file on an XFS fs could block and degrade performance). But not using DirectI/O so writes end up in memory and only get flushed if it hits the commit count, or periodically - so, particularly for local disks, HDDs or SSDs, this in practice never blocks for more than a few ms when flushing, if at all.