I worked at a hedge fund for 4 years, and these math questions are irrelevant to market structure.
Based on the challenge of most of these questions, I would hazard a guess and say only very recent grads would be able complete these. I'm 6 years out of Princeton, but I've forgotten how to do probably 90% of these questions.
Parts 3/4/5 require some pretty specific rules that are more rote memory than anything else.