Safer to Puff, E-Cigarettes Can’t Shake Their Reputation as a Menace
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
The key is to steadily reduce the amount of nicotine in the liquid you're using. Once you aren't using nicotine any longer all that is left is the social ritual and habit of going out for a smoke, which isn't a very convincing reason after a while. Soon you'll forgot to take your e-cigarette with you one day - you'll use it less and less. Until it simply doesn't matter any longer.
It was easy because of how gradual it was and that I was still able to satisfy the oral habit of smoking while kicking the chemical dependency. Smoking while driving was a huge hangup.
As a side note - if you buy good hardware and good quality liquid, the whole experiene is better than smoking as well. Forget the vape "culture". IMO ecigs are more convenient, taste better, feel better, and so on.
So that's what I did. I took my carton money for the month and invested in a proper setup after doing my research. I spent time trying different juices until I found one I could use all day, every day.
That was 2 years ago. Everyone around me still smokes, but I've never even been tempted to go back. I smoked for 10 years as well.
I always make a point of sticking at each level for at least 2-3 months. This way I can be sure I've grown fully accustomed to one step before taking the next. In my view, reducing the nicotine content too quickly would increase chances of a relapse.
Congratulations!
But being a non-smoker, I don't understand. Can you explain why you couldn't have cut down on nicotine by just smoking fewer cigarettes per day?
E-cig nicotine delivery happens slower and you avoid both the highs and the crashing lows. That makes it a lot easier to cut down to insignificant amounts of nicotine over a few months.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024320506... http://jneurosci.org/content/25/38/8593.long http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305703...
Cigarettes do give a more immediate and intense nicotine 'hit'. Ammonia compounds are added to cigarette tobacco, which increase the proportion of freebase nicotine to nicotine salts. Cigarettes are, in a very literal sense, the crack cocaine of nicotine delivery.
[1] http://www.dddmag.com/article/2009/07/question-opioid-euphor...
PLUS To change your dose you have to change your habit. With Ecig, to change the dose you just buy a different product, but your day to day (hour to hour) habits are the same as always.
you can get a good setup for ~$50 then the heaviest users will spend like $30/month on juice (most users will spend a fraction of that)
If you mix your own juice you're approaching savings that are better on an order of magnitude.
Three 120ml bottles last me close to an entire month. Local stores around here are also a rip-off (near Austin, Texas).
Vaping is something I do A LOT of while post-processing photos! Do you perhaps have a photographic interest?
That's more than 10ml a day! I know you're going to disagree and try to convince me otherwise, but that is an INSANE amount of liquid.
I should try and cut back some and reduce my nicotine dosage of 1.5mg down to 0mg but I don't mind the nicotine.
I'm also addicted to coffee so about 2-3 full Yeti cups a day. Woe is me!
once i found some diy recipes that i enjoyed, i made a pair of 120ml, and the cost savings from those two bottles alone covered all the ingredients and equipment (beakers, stirring rods, scale, bottles, etc). diy is especially worthwhile if your device guzzles juice like my geekvape griffin tank does.
diy or die on youtube is a great resource, here's one of the recipes i make regularly: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlI8CvT8SCA
If you're buying domestic juice you pay a premium for nothing special, from what I can tell. Also, the chances of it being made in a proper factory are basically nil. It's often someone else's DIY garage juice at a 10000% markup.
I haven't kept up with the new FDA guidelines since starting DIY about a year ago, but from what I remember a lot of the little garage brands are going to be in trouble. My buddy used to work at Apollo out in Concord and I know they take their juice seriously. I think it's shitty, but it's not because the line is dirty haha. Molecule Labs out in Benicia has a pretty cool facility as well.
Sigelei 50W Watt Box Mod Kanger-subtank with OCC Vertical coil. 0.5 ohm
liquids: Ultimate Kringle (every day juice) Castle Long (every now and then)
As others have replied and as might know, the world of ecigs is rather large, poorly detailed (mostly), and can be expensive to start. That equipment worked really well for me at the time. But the "go to" gear may be different by now - I would stress that you research before you buy.
I have learned everything i know about ecigs from friends, ecigforums, youtube rewviews, and buying a lot of crappy equipment.
best of luck.
These anti-vape ads infuriate me. I don't even use one anymore, haven't for over a year, and every time I see one of those ads I think there might go another person who had a real chance to quit smoking cigarettes.
>This has raised concerns that the use of electronic cigarettes could lead to the ‘renormalisation’ of smoking and provide a gateway to smoking for young people. Yet so far there is little evidence that this is happening. The use of electronic cigarettes by people who have never smoked has been, and remains, negligible.
>If electronic cigarettes are a gateway, they currently appear to be a gateway out of smoking.
Hardcore coffee addicts don't usually end up smoking coffee with 4000 other random addictive chemicals mixed in.
And wrt your question, who knows what other chemicals are in ecig juice, as the ingredients seem to be completely unregulated.
To neotek: No problem, it's easy to misunderstand people on the internet.
I do appreciate that vaping is probably safer than cigarettes, but that's a very low bar indeed...
Just because it may be (and who knows until there are long term studies), doesn't mean as a society we should be encouraging, or even allowing vaping.
At the very least I think there should be some kind of regulation around the ingredients, otherwise how can anybody say the vapor is safe for the inhaler and the people around them?
http://ash.org.uk/information-and-resources/reports-submissi...
Even if they were having a nic fit they'd still vape - you can get stronger fluid and vape more than you can get via smoking without feeling sick.
> I do appreciate that vaping is probably safer than cigarettes, but that's a very low bar indeed...
There's no probably about it. Smoking kills, and we don't see Vaping doing that.
> Just because it may be (and who knows until there are long term studies), doesn't mean as a society we should be encouraging, or even allowing vaping.
So you'd recommend we pursue measures known to kill tens of thousands of people just because there's a vanishingly small chance of harm sometime in the distant future?
You're mainly just demonstrating the problems with democracy.
Disallowing vaping is not the same thing as recommending cigarettes.
If you asked me to make a recommendation, it would be to make smoking illegal immediately. It's ridiculous that it's allowed at all, when it kills so many people for no good reason other than "it's not illegal, so get over it". It's so dangerous that it kills thousands of people that don't even do it!
I just don't want to see the horse bolt like it did with smoking. If it's safe, then it's safe. But nobody knows yet so don't insinuate that has been proven.
Like I said, if the threshold for safety is that things must be safer than cigarettes, then that's a very low bar indeed.
> You're mainly just demonstrating the problems with democracy.
It's a problem with democracy that I want a new drug delivery system to be proven safe before being allowed/recommended?
I find you rude.
100%.
> if the threshold for safety is that things must be safer than cigarettes, then [...]
That's not the threshold for playground equipment, or shampoo, but for a smoking replacement.
> If it's safe, then it's safe. But nobody knows yet
Oh yes, we do. I don't have to say rock climbing is safe to know that shark-taunting is unsafe. We have a really good idea how many people die from smoking and we aren't seeing vape users have that issues, or at least not 1/50th as much.
The open questions isn't "is vaping unsafe" but "which fluids are unsafe to breathe the vapors from?" Even if we discovered that propylene glycol is unsafe that doesn't mean the idea of atomizing nicotine is a bad one.
> Disallowing vaping is not the same thing as recommending cigarettes.
Actually, it is exactly that. This isn't a thought problem of "Which drug would you want your citizens to be hooked on," the question is "given that they are already hooked on cigarettes, ...".
> I find you rude.
Another typical liberal thug. Willing to use the might of the government to kill people in the guise of helping, and whose greatest insults are "You hurt my feelings."
I'm sure you do find me rude, but I'd rather hurt the feelings of a few uninvolved busybodies than let the millions of innocent people who got hooked on cigarettes die from cancer.
We should immediately reject all governmental proposals that aren't backed up by rigorous science. Not only would this stop a ton of abuse, but we'd save a fortune in tax money that could then be spent on initiatives that actually save lives.
Sometimes I wish kids were forced to truly grok some of the basics of economic theory before getting to high school. I wonder how different the world would be if even a few percent more people didn't take some of the actions they do that are clearly counterproductive.
In this case, legalisation and regulation of a different drug—kratom—could help users self-rehabilitate. Kratom is to opiates much as e-cigs are to cigarettes—some of the effects, but far milder, more manageable, and easier to quit. The DEA announced their intent to schedule it, but (thankfully) has since backpedaled a bit due to public objection.
Do you happen to know of credible sources or studies which have looked at this?
(Couldn't say from my own experience, though, unless you count my addiction to chocolate.)
Vaping may remove the smell triggers, but having smoked for a long time, and having vaped a fair amount as well, I suspect that while vaping may be much healthier, it could end up being more addictive due to the way it tends to be used along with differences in the way it's inhaled.
When light cigarettes were first introduced, they also thought they would be healthier, but many people actually tended to pull harder on a light cigarette than the regular cigarettes, resulting in smoke being pulled more deeply into the lungs actually doing more damage.
diluting drugs is not hard. many dealers dilute the drugs for you!
She had an infarctus (not myocard it seems though) last month, obviously cardio told her no more cigarettes. She was worried about nicotine addiction, I mentioned e-cig, I got angry eyes, borderline saying it was worth than cigs.
I understand their concerns about untested liquids turning into other kinds of carcinogens, but I'm still surprised about the reaction. I expected that some doctors would be able to either mention calmly "no vaporized liquids is free of dangerous particles" or redirect to well tested brand and suppliers. I guess it's just hurried scare tactics.
In the mean time, it's nicotine gums diet.
Of course, they won't recommend them to patients because the science has yet to fully establish their safety, but what science HAS come in is promising and the anecdotal evidence from countless users is also promising. Even so, doctors want to promote quitting altogether, not crutches or replacements, as it simplies treatment plans and eliminates variables. Plus, many of them have never been smokers, so they just don't understand what it's like to be a smoker, depending upon both nicotine and the comforting ritual of smoking in a society flush with stress.
"E-cigarettes are not risk free, but based on current evidence they carry a fraction of the risk of cigarettes. Public Health England’s independent review of the latest evidence found that using an e-cigarette (known as ‘vaping’) is around 95% safer than smoking."
and
"If you are a smoker, the best thing you can do is stop smoking now and e-cigarettes can help people to quit."
I wanted to cross check with ecigs "nerd" communities, who are fine grained in their approach of products and spend time discussing issues and qualities of liquids, and devices (combustion properties control matters).
I'm still looking for data about vaporizers (be it water + nicotine, or even THC).
In any case, I followed much the same road once I switched; I stepped down from 18mg (headaches!) to 12mg, and now I'm at 6mg or 3mg depending on the liquid I have. I can't describe just how much my health has improved over that span as a result.
Also, devices and liquids have _vastly_ improved in the past 4 years, to the point where when I give recommendations to others looking to transition, I don't get cold stares back from failed attempts and cheap devices that kept them from ditching cigarettes.
https://www.gwern.net/Nicotine is interesting reading.
Of course, e-cigarette liquid is not only nicotine, so who knows what the long term effect of that is. The chromium in the heating coils worries me personally. (Kanthal and stainless steel both contain chromium. Obviously stainless steel is designed to be relatively inert, so maybe it's OK. Titanium is another option, and is implanted in the body regularly. But things are different at high temperatures.)
(I actually used Kanthal wire sold for DIY vaping things professionally at one point, in a ~1200C heater in vacuum. It's not inert enough in those conditions, sadly)
Stainless steel coils facilitate temperature-controlled vaporisation, which is a crucial advance in harm reduction. Controlling the temperature of vaporisation significantly reduces the production of aldehydes and aromatic hydrocarbons, which are created by the thermal decomposition of propylene glycol and glycerine; these decomposition products are by far the most dangerous components of e-cigarette vapour.
http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/resear... http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/add.12942/abstrac...
Stainless or Kanthal at 500C or something should indeed be quite inert, it's just not that hot.
Power-controlled devices rarely exceed 300C in normal use, because there is considerable airflow over the coil combined with evaporative cooling. Excessive temperatures can be reached if the device is inadvertently activated, or if the liquid flow to the coil is inadequate.
As you say, kanthal and stainless steel should be very stable at these temperatures. Pure titanium wire also works with temperature control and completely avoids the issue of chromium, but there is some debate over the potential risks of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
More than that, you'll know immediately it's happened because it tastes awful.
Same thing with formaldehyde - nobody is ever going to willingly inhale it, since its presence means your vape is going to taste awful.
http://dailycaller.com/2016/03/05/formaldehyde-fears-used-to...
Agreed, it's tobacco that is the primary issue.
I've been curious to adopt the e-cig for the stimulant aspect. I likely won't, but will admit to being curious if it would be a productivity boost. I'd bet the e-cig companies could gain a whole new market if they published some quasi-scientific material on the productivity benefits of nicotine.
Did you read the instructions? You're supposed to chew on it for a bit, than 'park' the gum between your gum and teeth, let it sit for a minute or two, rinse, repeat. If you chew continuously you get the whole dose quickly, which can be a bit unpleasant if you don't like the nicotine buzz.
That's a big part of the cigarettes many persons (anecdota) have trouble with quitting outside of the addictive properties: the learned habits.
I think the idea is that when vaping, you are able adjust the level of nicotine you are consuming without having to adjust how often you engage in the physical act of vaping/smoking. The act is a comfortable ritual, a chance to take a break, step away, relax for a few moments, whatever. It's a habit itself, distinct from the nicotine dependency. Quitting smoking is doubly painful if you are craving both the chemical and the act. Vaping gives you the act without the chemical.
This doesn't even touch the fact that nicotine is not particularly harmful - simply a habit-forming stimulant like caffeine, adderall or modafinil. Vaping delivers the nicotine without the tar, and the tar is what kills. The thing that makes people nervous about vaping is not the nicotine, but the behavior of the (largely unstudied and unregulated) substances in the vapor being inhaled.
A cigarette has become a somewhat expensive object. When I light it up I would finish it, or at least try to. If the time I had for my smoke break was short I would puff that thing hard to get it done in the time I had allotted. An e-cig can be used for a few puffs and then dropped back into my pocket with nothing wasted. I could be much lazier about how I smoked and as a consequence I tended to smoke less.
Vaping just didn't fill that void and I think that's part of the reason I gave up (the other being that I just couldn't find a flavour I actually liked, no matter how close the name of it is to 'golden virginia', it never tasted remotely as close)
I'm creeped out by whatever's in e-cigs. I'm don't know why everyone is so sure that constantly inhaling propylene glycol for years on end is safe, or that all that's in that mystery imported off-brand liquid is propylene glycol. I of course find it extremely likely that it's less unhealthy than smoking.
I quit through using Swedish snus. I think it was crucial that snus isn't fun, and gives you nothing to do with your hands. To gradually wean off nicotene, just leave the portions in longer. Twenty-year smoker, two-year snuser, four years tobacco-free.
I think the older generation is just generally more accepting of discomfort than todays cream-puffs.
I'm not countering your point of it being addictive. I was so, so so lucky not to have been hooked by that at all. I don't know if i just didn't smoke enough, or what... but it's one of the few points in my life i feel like i made the right choice. Weirder yet, it wasn't even a choice.. i just sort of stopped.
It's probably genetic
Also it seems to correlate with risk of Parkinson's http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/832391
( huh that seems to be paywalled? Google "Ease of Quitting Smoking May Be Early Sign of Parkinson's")
https://www.hri.global/files/2011/07/13/Benowitz_-_Nicotine_...
The nicotine delivery is less immediate and not as strong so for someone used to the immediate dose delivered by smoking, it sort of left me wanting more but at the same time, it was a much less intense "craving" than a smoker would feel when forced to abstain.
A big part of it for me was adjusting to this. Smoking delivers a large, immediate dose of nicotine which then drops off in your bloodstream over the course of the next half hour or hour, when (predictably) you sort of want another cig. With the vaporized nicotine solution, I had to get used to just having a puff every so often throughout the day (more like hookah I guess) and maintaining a more constant but lower blood level.
Anyway, maybe I'm overanalyzing it. The results were the same though. It was as much getting off the roller coaster of "dose, levels drop, crave, redose" and onto a more sustained but lower level. It made it much easier to go without and it made it easier to lower the nicotine in the liquid to the point where I keep some 3mg/ml stuff around for the occasional desire for a mild stimulant but otherwise, it was practically effortless to wean off.
Aside from just lowering my nicotine intake and habituation to something more along the lines of how I really could go for a coffee some mornings, stopping the constant deposit of tars and particulates into my respiratory system has made a huge impact on my general health. No more lingering colds and honestly I haven't had a major cold or other respiratory infection in years now. I used to get them all the time thanks to the constant irritation and level of crap I was inhaling.
And another cool thing is that I know exactly what's in the stuff I'm inhaling occasionally now. I can get MSDS sheets for the flavorings and the rest is just nicotine and a couple types of glycerine (like you'd use in a fog machine or asthma inhaler). The levels of anything potentially harmful are a miniscule fraction of what they'd be if I was smoking cigs still and I'm no longer getting the vast majority of harmful compounds or carbon monoxide at all.
I really hate to come off as a "booster" and I try not to be the guy who just has to tell you about "his vape" but I think this sort of anecdotal experience is appropriate and on-topic in threads like this. I think it's a real shame that something with maybe 1-2% of the risk of smoking has been so demonized and lobbied against when it's a bigger improvement than methadone for heroin addicts or AA for alcoholics.
I acknowledge that not everyone will agree with me, but this is my opinion on the matter.
It's unfortunate, because it's largely a tax on the poor. The rich can afford prescription nicotine replacement and the higher healthcare costs for smokers. The poor can't, so they just die.
(I don't smoke, so I have no skin in this game. But I feel like if the government needs money, they should tax people proportionally to their income, rather than according to their bad habits. People are self-interested and will always want more income, so there's a steady revenue stream. But if we want to tank public infrastructure because people decide they want to break an unhealthy habit, that's ultimately self-destructive to society.)
Tobacco levies being disproportionately a "tax on the poor" is true, but health problems also are suffered more by the poor and one of the side effects of high tobacco levies in an era where e-cigarettes are a widely-available commercial product is nicotine replacement becoming much more affordable than tobacco
I saw this on Reddit a while back, someone pointed out that "we get it, you vape" was probably introduced by tobacco companies to create a stigma around the practice.
I'm a quitting smoker, on vape (RBA) and it bloody works. If only there were such great tools for quitting other addictions.
Let's take Grover Norquist as an example. The man is a dedicated crusader who hasn't stopped pounding the tax-reform drum for 20 years. Know what he thinks will decide the next election? Know what he was tweeting about during the debates?
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/grover-norquist-2016-vap...
https://twitter.com/grovernorquist/status/780604428751630336
https://twitter.com/grovernorquist/status/780604428751630336
https://twitter.com/grovernorquist/status/785299905464111104
No, seriously: we get it, you vape.
"We get it, you vape" is a logical fallacy. Why? It is so trivial to draw a corollary from that incredibly naive statement: you are implicitly voicing support for people acquiring cancer - althought I certainly don't believe that is what you meant to say. This falls under the logical fallacy of "black and white." Things are not so simple, especially so far as the behavior of one vocal minority is concerned.
By pure autonomous volition, I vape away from other people (generally in the company of other smokers in the allocated areas) because I know that the vapor generally clings to skin. It makes you clammy in warm weather. It's not sociable. So you're going to throw someone who is trying their level best to use this quitting aid in a respectable manner into the same bag as Norquist?
150 mutations per year in my lungs[1] x 7 years of smoking = 1050 mutations. I hope to God that I stopped soon enough. I'm so fortunate to have such an easy route out - it's not 1200 or 1350 mutations.
The inability to downvote responses on HN forces me to contemplate a correct response. This is the extremely rare occasion, maybe the first, that I wish it was possible.
However, it's stupid to claim that the stereotype came out of nowhere, or was a conspiracy from the tobacco industry. People who vape are typically at least as vocal and outspoken about it as stoners (note: marijuana should also be legal). It's pretty natural for it to be the butt of jokes.
The same thing really applies to the vape community. They are outspoken if not militant (and I don't disagree that's a good thing given the recent steps against it). I agree that it should be legal, go ahead and start a petition and I'll sign it. But holy shit it doesn't make you special, it's a personal decision/affectation/vice and nobody actually cares. I don't go around telling people about my stimulant consumption, and I certainly don't go around pretending it will decide the this election. With apologies to vegans:
Q: "How do you know if someone vapes?"
A: "Don't worry. They'll tell you."
Oh noes - someone who cares more about something than I do. Time to belittle them to justify my apathy. /s
> No, seriously: we get it, you vape.
These are people who've essentially beat cancer.
But we get it, you'd rather mock sick people.
That is only for the press release.. It is never actually that way. Almost all taxation applied to a general fund, meaning all taxes are simply put in a large pool, then various programs are funded from that pool.
There are almost never any actual legal rules that requires say a Gasoline tax to only be used for roads, or a cigarette tax to only be used for Health Programs
For this reason, and many others, I never support using Taxation for social control
Government should not be using tax policy to incentive or decentivize any activity. Taxation should be used to fund X program period.
Taxation should be generalized, AKA a income tax, a sales tax, etc. There should not be special taxes applied to individual products or product types
> I never support using taxation for social control
Yes, money is fungible, and so gas tax, alcohol tax, and cigarette taxes collected may not be applied to covering the costs of that activity. Even putting it in a specific fund doesn't completely fix the problem, it only establishes a minimum support for that fund's target. Make gas tax specifically fund road surface repairs, and then the DOT can use part of the general fund that is freed up for other purposes.
However, it seems very reasonable to use taxation as a sort of softer hammer to create an incentive or disincentive for various activities. In a way, the government's only power is in its monopoly on legal violence. It can do nothing but kill or imprison you by force. Sure, it can issue fines, or garnish your wages (effectively the same thing), or remove your drivers license, - but the fine has teeth only because they'll imprison you if you fail to pay. And if you try to fight your way out of captivity you'll either be pathetically overpowered or shot. Furthermore, criminal punishments require prosecution in a court, which is expensive and slow.
It would be unreasonable to try to reduce alcoholism by arresting people, charging them with drinking, and sentencing them with a $0.25 fine. It would also be unreasonable to pass a law requiring everyone to buy a house, get married and have 2.54 children, or be arrested and jailed.
Instead, taxation offers a much gentler stick, and sometimes even a carrot. Increase taxation on behavior that society finds to be objectionable or harmful - smoking, drinking, gambling, etc. Offer tax rebates for behaviors that society finds to be valuable: donating to charity, helping the environment, raising a family, owning a home. Taxation is definitely an effective tool for social control. Do you have an alternative? Or do you suggest that government should not be involved in social control?
I hope you can appreciate why some people would say the answer to that second question is "as little as possible."
When the government is offering carrots and sticks, there will inevitably be some group of people systemically discriminated against (either by not receiving the carrots proportionally or disproportionately receiving the stick). Tyranny of the majority and what not. The gears of government grind very slowly, and changing government policies often results in multiple generations of people experiencing discrimination before things are changed.
For a recent example, one argument (among others, of course) for same-sex marriage equality is that it's discriminatory for same-sex partners not to receive the carrots of legal and tax benefits that come with being married.
Is there an alternative? Maybe. Maybe not. I could spitball one, but it would likely be an inadequate solution. Still, I think it's prudent to be careful. Social control is a double-edged sword.
Bingo... I do not believe the government has any ethical role in tell me how I should live my life, or punishing me if I choose to have a life style the government disapproves of.
Further then you have to define what "harm" it is doing.
I also suspect part of that "harm" you talk about is Costs associated with healthcare that is paid for by the taxpayer, meaning you likely support government run socialized health services. I do not.
I suggest you have a trip to to a respiratory ward sometime.
I do not believe it is my place to tell individuals what chemicals they can or can not consume
I am 100% against the War on Drugs as well, and believe that all drugs, including crack, cocaine, and all prescription drugs should be legal to buy if the person desires it.
I am an individualist, not a collectivist
That might be what people say but that's a horrible idea from a governmental perspective. There's nothing that says that the amount of money that can possibly extracted by taxing a thing is the right amount for combating it. If something is taxed enough to double or triple it's official price then smuggling will start to develop. And even if you were to raise taxes enough to instantly stop all new smoking you'd still have to care for people whose lungs have been damaged by cancer somehow.
And in general introducing coupling between taxes and expenditures needlessly complicates the budgetary process. It's a recipe for government sclerosis if you take it too far with people thinking that, e.g., they can't invest in public transit because then road taxes would go down, but the roads are needed for emergency vehicles regardless of commuting and road maintenance isn't anything like linear with use.
Tax things because you want people to do them less and because that lets you lower taxes on things you don't want to discourage.
In the US, you cannot drive on the highways with more than 10 short tons (9.1 Mg) per axle. If I cram my daily driver to the gills with heavy junk, I might have 0.75 short tons per axle. That heavily loaded cargo trailer is doing 30000 times more damage to the roads per mile than I am, specifically, and as much as 9600 average passenger cars. [0]
Axle weight is not taken into consideration when I am taxed for the roads. Thus tax-avoidance behaviors optimize for the wrong variables.
Drug dosages and adverse health effects are less easily modeled numerically. My concern is that if you tax something without understanding the potential consequences, you may end up doing more harm than good.
At least in Germany that's not the case. State income from taxes is not earmarked. Other fees like the mandatory television licence might be.
Not to go too far off track. The real tax on the poor isn't cigarettes, for the poor and stupid its lottery tickets. The real tax on the poor are the vast amount of licensing and related fees that they cannot escape. It is distressing how many lower income jobs have ridiculous fees attached let alone the costs of doing business with every day government interaction. Then throw in all the fees of everyday life and boom, your hurting.
There are other measures like the $2 "tobacco" tax on ballot in California now that means you'll pay $3 for a coil worth $1. This was also likely lobbied by the tobacco companies.
Finally, realize that theres nothing expensive about making these eliquids. Somehow they pulled an arbitrary way of making it more expensive than any other way of leaving tobacco out of their ass.
The government can replace its tobacco tax with a carbon tax.
Lottery games are an example of this - the people who play are overwhelmingly poor. This article argues that lottery spending may even be the single largest tax poor families pay [1].
With regard to what you say about there being no replacement income for governments if people stopped smoking cigarettes - I'd say this is only the case if consumption was banned. If it was slowly phased out the pain wouldn't be noticeable. It's like autonomous vehicles - what really matters is the speed of creative destruction.
[1] http://metrocosm.com/could-the-lottery-be-the-largest-tax/
However, each state is different; some states' legislatures intentionally tax tobacco products as a deterrent to smoking, with demonstrable public health benefits [2]. Cigarette taxes are negatively correlated with smoking rates. I concede that the federal tobacco tax rate is too low to do anything substantial, for raising revenue or as a deterrent. It should either be raised, or scrapped and left to the states.
1. http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/federal-receipt-an...
2. http://www.cbpp.org/research/higher-tobacco-taxes-can-improv...
They see the future is ecigs but realize it's a race to the bottom in profits.
This is true.
You can see the same thing during the (alcohol) prohibition era: because ethyl alcohol is necessary for other uses, it was mandated to be "denatured" by adding chemicals that made it less appealing to drink. When they found people still drinking it (or managing to separate the alcohol from the denaturants), they increased the toxicity of the chemicals until they were actually poisoning people.
In this case, the primary goal is to prevent new smokers. Since many of the e-cigarette flavors are pleasant, they regard it as attractive to children. Now, getting someone who doesn't already smoke to vape is bad, but I haven't seen any significant evidence that vaping leads them to smoking, so there's that.
On the other hand, if you are already smoking, your soul is lost and, to a first approximation, it would be better if you were to die as soon as possible---outside of pharmaceutical companies, there is no serious interest in cessation. Inside those companies, making nicotine gum and patches is big business, and I know people who have been chewing the gum frequently for nearly a decade.
There is a certain amount of the same feeling in those who have quit smoking. To paraphrase an old joke, how do you know someone quit smoking? Don't worry, they'll tell you. If you can quit cold-turkey, good; if you can't, you are weak willed and a lesser human.
In any case, the bottom line is, like in all Puritan situations, that results matter less than perceptions.
I think that's hugely simplified. There are plenty of drugs which are exceedingly difficult to use recreationally:
- Crack
- Meth
- Nicotine
- Heroin
People who use those at all are very likely to use them a whole hell of a lot, and they have terrible health effects. I don't think it's Puritanism to recommend staying away from highly addictive substances.
Now, getting someone who doesn't already smoke to vape is bad, but I haven't seen any significant evidence that vaping leads them to smoking, so there's that.
According to HHS (http://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/adolescent-health-topics/substanc...):
"Eighth grade students who use e-cigarettes are 10 times more likely than their peers who do not use e-cigarettes to eventually smoke tobacco cigarettes. This trend continues to a slightly lesser degree for older adolescents. Tenth and 12th grade students who use e-cigarettes are eight and six times more likely, respectively, than their peers to smoke tobacco cigarettes. This suggests that youth who use e-cigarettes are likely to become tobacco cigarette smokers as they age."
Nicotine alone doesn't have 'terrible health effects' for those that are otherwise generally healthy. Yes, it is addictive and can exacerbate existing conditions (e.g. high blood pressure), but nicotine consumed through methods like lozenges, patches and gum poses negligible health risks.
Certainly. And the proper response is to discourage their use. But how do you treat those who do use them? As a health problem or as a moral failure?
Thanks for the HHS link!
Totally agree, but that's an entirely different conversation.
This was after many failed attempts to quit from around a pack a day with the longest cessation time being around half a year.
I don't think that vaping is harmless and I would not be surprised there are adverse long time health risks. But compared to real cigarettes this was a godsend for me. It is much cheaper, it does not have that disgusting smell, and it is much easier from the logistics side compared to having to buy cigarettes every day, feeling like some lowlife addict in the process. What I have now is a hobby, tinkering with my devices, building coils, trying juices (since some time I got rid of any flavours and just vape pure VG/PG). Gone is most of the shortness of breath when working out, disgusting mouthfeel in the morning, cold hands and feet and this permanent feeling of being poisoned. I gave my father a starter-kit for Christmas and he managed to quit cigarettes completely on that very day after heavily smoking for 30 years, trying to quit and suffering from the effects of smoking much more than a relatively young person does. I might have saved his life that day.
So yes, maybe vaping is bad, maybe it will kill you when you are not able to quit timely. But the time spend with the addiction is a whole lot more pleasant with vaping than with cigarettes and I cannot imagine it being remotely as deadly as smoke/tar. Banning vaping because of unknown health risks is complete madness in my opinion.
I'm personally not comfortable inhaling your random unknown vaporizer gases. Many chemicals are dangerous at levels you are not able to smell, or indeed have no odor.
Ohm's law really needs to get more exposure in the classroom.
Also, the mechanical mod crowd is a rather small part of the e-cig community overall. Vocal, but small.
I was pretty scared of ecigs before, seeing so many exploding.
What happens when you hotwire a battery (a wire between positive and negative)? Current flows, discharging the battery but also often melting or exploding the battery. Normally current flow is the whole reason for a battery, but why is hotwiring bad as opposed to tossing a LED+resistor in the circuit?
In a circuit, heat accumulates where majority of resistance is. So when your element has less resistance than your battery, more of the stress is going there than on your heating element. So it's hard on your power supply. If it's a cool 5v hobbyist power supply, you're probably cool. They're durable. Don't stress too much, you're more likely to break the element. But if it's a battery, you're sinking heat into something that is ultimately full of volatile chemicals and has limited capacity to fight back.
You can engineer circuits around this problem in a variety of ways, but the cavemun solution is just to give the battery time to discharge the heat by transferring the charge to an intermediate element (obviously your ecig rig hasn't popped yet).
Of course, most people use regulated mods which do just that.
As someone who vapes, I wouldn't be opposed to banning the sale of mechanical mods (i.e. mods which are literally just a battery, a button and a resistance element in a circuit). They're dangerous. On the other hand, people would just build them themselves, they're not difficult.
It seems odd.
Important distinction.
I like to vape on occasion - mostly at home, indoors, when I am coding or doing something similar on my computer in my office.
My vape of choice is a custom menthol blend with caffeine - and zero nicotine.
A) they are unproven. Many people believe that something that isn't proven safe or unsafe is not better than something unsafe that has been heavily scrutinized and studied. What if there's a much worse effect that we dont' know about yet?
B) They are unstandardized. Each producer can be putting who-knows-what in the oils.
C) It's still smoke. When they first came out, a lot of people got e-cigs with the idea that they could get around smoking bans, such as on planes or in bars (in places that banned that). This has resulted in a massive backlash, because it really wasn't health problems that caused those bans, it was the fact that nobody wants to sit in someone elses smoke cloud. This is causing a big social stigma against e-cig users.
In theory the vapour might have as strong a smell as cigarette smoke; in practice even the most strong smelling vapours are mostly comparable to the smell of personal fragrances, and we are ways off from banning those as well.
To me, it seems like many people have this weird "ick" about natural biological functions. Some are understandable - like body waste, and sneezing/coughing that could spread contagions. Regular smoking I can understand from the standpoint that it smells bad.
But vape clouds typically smell good. But they are visible. So people are reminded of "ick - breath!" meaning something similar to coughing/sneezing (and not covering your mouth/nose)...
Yet, nobody seems to have an aversion to everyone around them just "breathing" normally - or even an exasperated sigh or huff - which is arguably just as much breath coming out as someone vaping.
Just that it is invisible - and now no "ick factor" if you will.
It's kinda crazy; here is something that can and could really help smokers, yet being vilified because of some weird hangup people have with breathing - because it is visible. It is similar to how some people love to eat chicken nuggets, but give them a bone-in chicken wing and all of a sudden it is "gross - it has bones" - like the nugget is somehow more sanitary or further removed from the chicken because it is boneless?
/humans are weird
If it's rude to spray perfume or eat smelly food, then it's also rude to vape.
I see so many people use e-cigarettes as an excuse to smoke indoors, even in light of public smoking bans, and get upset when I complain that they make me feel sick. Indoor air quality isn't just about carcinogens or aerosolized tobacco, but allergens and respect for common spaces that we all have to share.
I try pretty hard to not subject people to my disgusting habits. How is it that people expect inhaling chemicals to be any different? They act like they are surprised that you don't want to be exposed to their disgusting clouds of stink.
If you can't tell, I'm agreeing with you. I pray something is done about vaping before the horse has bolted like it did with cigarettes. Just because it could be less dangerous doesn't mean it should be encouraged or indeed allowed at all. Every vaping liquid being sold should have to be tested thoroughly for safety IMO, and really I'm amazed that it doesn't have to be.
Vaping is too new for long-term studies to have been performed, and also with the zillions of different kinds of vaping juices, each one with a different formulation, how can we know that they are all safe?
It's an absolute joke how much secondhand smoke a non-smoker is forced to inhale nowadays with what we know about how dangerous it is, and I live in Australia, with relatively progressive smoking laws. I don't want to be subjected to secondhand smoke in public places, and I don't want to be subjected to secondhand vapor either, regardless of whether or not the inhaler considers it "safe enough".
Actually it is illegal here to sell nicotene-containing liquid. I do think that nicotene-containing liquid is being sold however, as I do see people vaping around the place, and just quietly, they don't seem like the kind of people who could get their stuff together enough to make their own ecig juice.
Then there's people like me and the person who replied to your comment earlier who just make our own. It's surprisingly simple and pretty inexpensive. The other commenter eschews flavoring altogether whereas I only use a small amount of it and only buy stuff from companies that list the compounds included so I can make sure there are no particularly nasty components that would make them dangrous to inhale in typical concentrations.
I agree that there are no long term studies on the effects of inhaling this stuff for years on end but a lot of the things that stick out as hazardous are easy to identify and even when they exist, it's typically at a level that's a small fraction of what you'd run into when talking about combustible tobacco.
Basically it's harm reduction. Like how you read about the dangers of eating char-grilled meat because it has some of the same things as cig smoke. That may be the case but you're not getting nearly as much of it so you won't likely get cancer from eating a seared steak a few times a year like you would from smoking cigs daily.
For example; some flavorings contain diacetyl which, if inhaling too much, will lead to Bronchiolitis Obliterans or "popcorn lung", but the amount actually inhaled in e-cigarettes is 750 times less than cigarettes and vastly less than the amount inhaled by people that have developed popcorn lung.
Yes, there are some chemicals in the flavoring, but the amount is fractions of that in cigarettes (flavorings usually account for less than 10% in my liquid, and much of the flavoring is more base liquid; VG and PG). I've taken the risk assessment and decided that e-cigs are much safer. Each person must do that for themselves.
But yes, you are correct. A lot of the flavors are not regulated. I recall there was an issue with a carmel like flavor recently.
I see people using devices beyond 150W and super hot coils to 'make dem sick clouds'. They have essentially created some nice portable catalytic converters. You can even buy coils made from different alloys like Ni-Ti and some devices measure the coil resistance to control the temperature.
https://www.theguardian.com/science/sifting-the-evidence/201...
Personally I think it's mainly to do with the optics of it. As a society we've spent all kinds of money and effort to stop smoking, and it's now heavily stigmatized. So to see something come around that appears similar to smoking seems to drive a lot of people nuts.
There seems to be a vocal battle between e-cig users and scientists each having their own claims about diacetyl. It's the famous fake butter compound for microwave popcorn that caused lung cancer in the workers who handled it.
My dad has IPF and COPD two lung diseases from years of working a blue collar job breathing in small damaging particles over time. Sawdust, paint drops, metal from grinding, probably welding fumes, etc. any small particles may seem harmless but over time damage lungs.
What concerns me about e-cigarettes is maybe the damage doesn't appear until 30 from now. Will we see an increase of lung disease 30 years from now?
In any case, I doubt there's a very significant amount of people who've started ecigs who wouldn't have started cigarettes, and cigarettes are well known to cause lung damage.
At the end of the day though, if you're a smoker, the choice is pretty straightforward, and you should use a "vape". You should however, be considerate of others, and unfortunately also accept that for a while you're going to be lumped in with the more anti-social element of society.
I'd imagine alot of reasons you don't see more vaping is age. Younger folks don't care as much(and smoke less in general) but some dude smoking malboro at 50 is far less likely to roll up with an ecig at a casual BBQ. Its a hard enough battle getting old people using email... Let alone vaping.
NONE of the people I know who used e-cigarettes were able to quit for good.
Here's my recipe:
1. Quitting sounds hard but it isn't. The majority of people who try to quit, actually succeed. 2. Don't use ANYTHING as a substitute (no chewing gum, no patches or e-cigs). Substitutes usually can never replace the original and will just keep you "hooked". 3. Read affirmative stuff (like news stories, studies). Reading about a study that showed most people quit for good, actually helps. As does reading about the consequences for continueing to smoke.
That's it. Just quit. It's easy, you'll be off cigarettes in no time.
Everyone can do it. Smoking is totally a 90s thing.
Everything anyone here will say is anecdotal of course.
If it's easy to switch back after you've had your relapse, the only real issue is with the all-or-none definition of quitting.
Related: a usage tax for maintenance of roads and bridges has a far simpler option than taxing gas that may be used in boats, tractors, and other non-road uses: toll roads, which tax everyone who uses the roads equivalently. And before anyone argues that such a tax is regressive: a gas tax is far more regressive, as those with older, less efficient vehicles are hit harder than those with the money to buy a Tesla.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_fuel#Taxation
However, if you're talking about a carbon tax instead of a roads maintenance tax, burning diesel or gas is the same, whether it's in a car or not.
Every time you drive your car, you damage the road, increase traffic congestion, and put toxic chemicals into the air.
The purpose of a gas tax is to discourage marginal usage.
Since driving is more expensive, it makes that person who was deciding between driving their car or taking a bike to work and makes them just a little bit more likely to use the bike.
In my case, every friend I know who's started using e-cigarettes took them up without having an existing tobacco habit. Some of them add nicotine to the vape juice, some don't.
I don't know how common this is, but it's certainly given vaping a negative impression for me. At the very least, it seems like an unnecessary risk given how little public health data there is.
Every variety of plastic or food additive that ended up being proved harmful was thought safe for years. People are right to be skeptical of them for the next thirty years or so.
Although I would recommend e-cigs as a temporary quit smoking aid only and not as a replacement. I noticed I got more lung infections while vaping and my brother noticed the same thing. Also I wouldnt trust some of the flavors out there, they put anything in there. So if its a temporary measure taken as a quit smoking aid, great, as an alternative to cigs - that Im still on the fence about.
This is total nonsense. You can use e-juice at a level that will give you nicotine poisoning.
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_additives_in_cigarette...
only a big shift in marketing of these things can change that. if e cigarettes where seen as the Apple of smoking surely they'd sell better.
I used to date a girl who used an ecig and would exhale a cloud of vanilla cookie aroma everywhere we went. I thought that was pretty cool to be honest.