Ask HN: How to get into Windows app design/development in 2016?

For me, the whole .NET/Windows development cosmos seems like an even weirder world than the one that I faced when I started iOS/Mac development a few years back.

So how do you get into it in the year 2016?

I heard there is a thing called UWP and apparently MS wants it to be the only thing around, right? On the surface(haha) it sounds to be a nice thing to have one platform to rule all device sizes.

I cannot use Sketch on Windows, so what do you use for app design? I don't want to go back to Photoshop to be honest.

Visual Studio seems complex. Should I use it? I do not mind IDEs in general but there are so many new terms all over the place. (PCL, Solution, Visual C#, why not just C#?)

Why are most of the learning resources for C#? What about F#? It seems like an awesome language. Microsoft should promote it in the same way like Apple does it for Swift, right?

I don't know, but a lot of stuff just seems weird in windows land...maybe someone can open the door and give me a nice tour.