Facebook Has Repeatedly Trended Fake News Since Firing Its Human Editors
washingtonpost.com
washingtonpost.com
And no, this is not me expressing my liberal bias. It's one thing to have opinionated headlines like the Huffington Post, it's another thing to have a completely fictional headline created by right-wing websites. Something along the lines of "Obama lets immigrants across border to kill white people"...
I think tech culture's misguided desire to treat everyone "equally" creates a huge imbalance. You can't put the NYTimes in the same category as Breitbart. Just as you wouldn't compare it to "National Enquirer".
Edit: To keep my reply on topic, I am adding this thought: I think Facebook knew this would happen and that is why they had humans curated the trending list. I don't think they deserved the negative backlash, although I understand the slippery slope it creates.
There are lots of unbiased news outlets who just report on stories as they come in. I learn about all sorts of government corruption and waste from NPR, NYTimes, WaPO, etc... And relating to current events, I also learn about all the unscrupulous things Clinton did from these sources.
I don't need to be inundated with right-wing propaganda be unbiased. Just as I wouldn't spend too much time reading HuffPo or ThinkProgress.
No one news source is complete, or 100% correct, but not every news source is credible or deserve our attention.
Not directed at you specifically, but if you think those sources are unbiased, it just means that you're bad at detecting bias.
Edit: Haha, this one struck a chord.
https://wikileaks.org/dnc-emails/emailid/2699
http://heavy.com/news/2016/07/wikileaks-emails-clinton-berni...
I'm still waiting for them to do a story on their own involvement here....
https://arxiv.org/archive/math
If you mean a news publication, I can't, because they don't exist.
We can maybe go for less biased, but that's a much more complicated question. Sorted by minimal bias, I'd probably just start linking to other arxiv URLs.
I have a pretty complete understanding of current events from reading those sources.
For your statement to be valid, you'd have to prove that there is a considerable amount of information missing and is only available via conservative media.
Where the hell did I say that conservative media was unbiased?
That is not the standard for bias, and the fact you make your standard "Well if it doesn't have info that conservatives have". What about libertarians? Anarchists? Socialists? Fascists? Communists?
Everyone is bias, some places do a great job of separating out their biases from reporting but its fantasy land to think that there are motivated journalists out there that just don't have an opinion one way or the other.
No, information may have been made available by biased media, but it may have been presented in such a way to adjust the perceived significance of it.
Take the email scandal for example. Every news outlet provided the information, but there are vastly different conclusions about the importance of it that a reader will be led to draw based on how the information was presented.
Even the headline you were upset about was a logical conclusion given a viewpoint based on the information available about the recent shooting of the police officers.
Information: Two policeman killed by a man who was in the country illegally
Conservative news interpretation: Illegal immigrant a result of poor border control policies by current administration. Therefore, "Obama lets immigrants across border to kill white people."
Liberal news interpretation: Immigration is a touchy subject right now, exclude anything related to it. Therefore, "Two policeman were killed by a person who happened to be a human."
Are you aware of the cathedral? What about the stagnation?
That's a bold claim.
I want my views challenged, and to have at least a chance of finding out when I'm wrong.
With almost any given issue and viewpoint it's what they don't tell you that's the part you probably should know or at least get exposed to.
It seems like the 'correct' solution doesn't lie at one of these poles, unfortunately.
We all know what happens when we stop reaching across the divide. We go into our holes, there is miscommunication, and small disagreements turn into wars.
Focusing on the areas where we disagree widens the chasm. We can bridge it by looking for common goals.
As near as I can tell, the political process converts ideas from logical propositions into group signaling devices. Once a idea becomes a signal, any question of its truth or falsehood is commonly ignored for several human generations.
Keeping ideas that have already become signals quarantined, and minimizing overlap between groups in a context where they are likely to "go tribal" and convert more ideas into signals seems vitally important to me. That online discourse seems to have shifted towards a war of tribes rather than a crowd of individuals is (to me) a tragedy of the highest order.
> This is the nationalist mindset. "Create more walls. Diversity is difficult."
I do not think this course of action appeals to me because of a "nationalist mindset," but rather from a desire to see less topics become part of such mindsets. I guess I'd agree with "Create more walls. Partisanship is difficult." (though on the condition that the walls were around already partisan topics, and not in general)
> We all know what happens when we stop reaching across the divide. We go into our holes, there is miscommunication, and small disagreements turn into wars.
This is a shocking/wrong statement to me. We see tribal wars precisely when there is political outreach, not when there is focus on other things.
Consider HackerNews. Lately it has been taken over by heated discussions centered around political topics, in my model mostly because of the increased outreach due to this being an election year. Once the election passes, I hope, we will go back to discussing technical topics in blissful/ignorant harmony.
> Focusing on the areas where we disagree widens the chasm. We can bridge it by looking for common goals.
Yes exactly, hence the importance of keeping walls around partisan topics...
I love the way you put it; this goes straight into my quotes file.
> Keeping ideas that have already become signals quarantined, and minimizing overlap between groups in a context where they are likely to "go tribal" and convert more ideas into signals seems vitally important to me.
In a way, it's what some people do without realizing the idea. It's obvious that once a topic becomes a political issue, the general population loses the ability to discuss it in any reasonable way, so it's best to ignore that topic altogether until at least it falls off the news cycle. But maybe we need a more social-wide tools to "cordon off" topics that were exposed to the disease politics is.
I think it's unfortunate when people stop talking about the issues. You're right, people may have made up their minds, but the debate process is not just practice for the candidates, it's also practice for the public to get to know the issues the country is facing.
Of course, it's always up to you what you want to ignore.
1. Propaganda works really really well. Repetiton of propaganda, being a form of intellectual violence, will get people to believe almost anything. Thus, people who control the channels of repetitive messages delivered to the masses control what people believe.
2. The truth is out there, but due to the Dunning-Kruger effect, people who know the least think they know the most and they focus their energy on the most trivial issues due to bikeshedding. Thus, unless carefully vetted, discussion participants will overwhelmingly be people conditioned by repetition, think they're experts and be drawn to triviality.
In order to side step the nut house, just let people believe whatever they want to believe and charge big bucks for delivering messages, especially repetitivly, that do not easily fit in to the ruts in their cognitive road. That's because each time this is done, a small amount of cognitive violence is occurring to your viewers. Most people aren't intellectual masochists so it will drive them away eventually if done too much.
I am, it is..
> As near as I can tell, the political process converts ideas from logical propositions into group signaling devices. Once a idea becomes a signal, any question of its truth or falsehood is commonly ignored for several human generations.
This is true for more than just politics. Our language, culture, habits, facial expressions etc. are all learned from society. You can find evidence of ideologies in all of these.
> We see tribal wars precisely when there is political outreach, not when there is focus on other things.
I think both can be true. Best, to me, is if we can foster environments that both provide different views and also allow new ideas to grow without being persecuted. I don't think this happens by building walls around everything. There is a balance to strike.
From a Machiavellian standpoint (read: Thiel or Zuckerberg), this isn't an intelligent long-term strategy, unless your view of how dumb and malleable people are is such that by playing your cards right, so few people would catch on that it would not hurt the bottom line.
EDIT: could you explain why you want to delete this post?
People already know about the filter bubble, but they don't actually care. Most people aren't going to Facebook for an unbiased stream of news and they don't like to feel uncomfortable (i.e. be barraged by things that challenge their core beliefs).
Willpower and motivation fascinate me. I've been living with depression for a while, but I've been able to conceptually reorient myself to embrace my circumstances and find willpower to do the 'I don't want to, but I should' things whenever they come around. But just as I don't think everyone is capable of advanced systems programming, for example, I'm not certain that everyone is capable of strong willpower.
You make a good point: regulation is a clumsy tool, and I don't think it needs to be applied here. However, I'm disappointed in what seem to be the fundamental motivations of Facebook and its board. I'm not sure that anything could come in the way of Mark Zuckerberg's pursuit of maximizing the world's dependence on his product.
I suspect this is an excellent heuristic for a media organization to become popular.
However I also don't like it because it would limit the range of thought. Most things that I find interesting are at the peripheral or in the cracks, intersections, oddities, peculiar facts.
Without countervailing narratives you don't have a benchmark for topic variance, and like the OP, become incapable of believing there even exists alternative models of reality.
In a relatively non-partisan example, I find that people who believe in God don't really understand atheists. Surely deep down these people believe in The Creator. I also find that secular oriented types do not really believe that religious people believe. They think they are faking it on some level.
These are serious, even dangerous errors.
So I submit that we need, require, something I'll label The Truman Clause or Exit from the Matrix. I do not know what that looks like in an ethical information aggregation system. I suspect it exists as part of meta-cognition in either our culture or in the human brain, since one of the most important functions of higher learning is to teach you to question your premises.
More so than any elite university I've seen, the kind of culture developed at LessWrong is perfectly suited to tackling these kinds of meta-cognition issues.
I agree. I think we're seeing a sharp rise in foreign "soft power" online in America this election.
It's being supported by the evangelicals who will not remove their vote from Trump on the grounds that they really want that supreme court seat.
After the election, foreign influence will dwindle. The credibility of such websites cannot be maintained while pushing so much unverified or simply false information. This is the strength of our first amendment.
You make it sound illogical.
As a religious conservative, I do really want that supreme court seat.
The President has to really ask for permission for everything else (laws, budgets, wars, etc.), but justice nomination is very largely his choice. Don't be surprised if that factors heavily in my decision.
> As a religious conservative, I do really want that supreme court seat. That factors heavily in the decision.
Sorry, that's my bias seeping in. I respect your choice.
> The President has to really ask for permission for everything else (laws, budgets, wars, etc.), but justice nomination is very largely his choice. Don't be surprised if that factors heavily in my decision.
Not nuclear. He could launch with approval of his self-chosen cabinet, or choose not to defend our allies, resulting in more tensions in areas prone to nuclear war.
Personally I think the risks posed by Trump with his thumb on the nuclear button are greater than the lives saved by repealing abortion rights. May God bless you and all of us through these tough times.
10 to 1 you're wrong.
What are the two scenarios you're referring to? That Trump does or does not contribute to a nuclear war?
Trump trashes everyone who disagrees with him. He will likely increase tensions on the world stage.
Yes as a second consideration you can also take the view of the world will end, but that is not the point of the XKCD.
And then drawing it to this discussion, yes the odds that Trump would be willing to start a nuclear war might be high, but combined with the odds of an actual nuclear war occurring the odds of it happening is still neglible.
While Trumps opponent openly warns Russia of consequences. Lets be objective now.
> While Trumps opponent openly warns Russia of consequences. Lets be objective now.
Yes, let's. Russia is not an ally. There are consequences to its aggression.
Trump, on the other hand, has repeatedly said we should extract more money from our allies in east asia, and that we should threaten to withdraw from Japan and South Korea. These are scenarios China and Russia would love to see play out.
Trump argues NATO is obsolete. He defends Russia's annexation of Crimea, and he thinks we should give up Aleppo to Russian-friendly Assad.
He thinks he knows more than the generals. At the same time, he claims he never thought about this stuff during his time as a businessman.
The alternative to nuclear war is the proxy wars you see playing out in the middle east. Any concessions are gobbled up by whichever side backs down.
I see NATO bases all around the planet.
> The alternative to nuclear war is the proxy wars you see playing out in the middle east.
True. We also know who started that with leaders not bowing to the western interests. While Assad isn't exactly prince charming, his country wasn't in ruins as it is now. Same stands for Gaddafi and Hussein.
I'm not sure if this was a subtle way to imply that, although the risk of Trump using the bomb is negligible, it's still greater than zero, which is the number of lives you consider lost to abortion. Impressive accidental troll. :)
Realistically, what evidence do you have that Trump has any more likelihood of using a nuclear bomb against the wishes of congress than Hillary? Has he shown an inclination towards mass murder in other scenarios? Did he vote for the Iraq war?
No, he's never served as a politician and so has no platform record. He's never demonstrated an ability to serve his country so I don't understand why we should entrust him with our most powerful station.
> Has he shown an inclination towards mass murder in other scenarios?
I don't believe there's any evidence of that.
> What evidence do you have that Trump has any more likelihood of using a nuclear bomb against the wishes of congress than Hillary?
To me it's his lack of temperament. I'm confident he means what he says that he doesn't want to use nuclear weapons. But in dire situations which may arise, I personally do not trust his temperament or judgement in dealing with foreign powers. This is because he's shown many times that he only cares for the most short-term benefits. His tax plans demonstrate this, his inability to explain many of his plans demonstrates this, and his history in business demonstrates this.
Trump reportedly asked three times why we could not use nuclear weapons in a private briefing.
More importantly, he threatens to change the landscape of our deployed military so drastically that the moves would create opportunities for non-allies to take more aggressive positions against our allies.
If we failed to protect our allies, the US economy would tank, due to all the outstanding treasuries.
> Did he vote for the Iraq war?
Obviously Trump could not have voted on the Iraq war. That's an invalid question.
That's a tall order.
To put that claim in perspective, more Americans die in abortions every year than have died in combat in the entire history of the US.
(Whether a fetus is a person is of course the point debated, but anyway, those are the numbers.)
More pedantically, they are surely not Americans either, since citizenship is conferred at birth?
I'm talking about residency, not citizenship. Citizenship is more arbitrary:
* Does citizenship include Native Americans?
* Does citizenship include slaves?
* Which of the Revolutionary War casualties were U.S. citizens?
His average is 35 days, compared to 10-20 days for recent presidents. http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/obama-has-waited-longer-f...
I just don't understand how someone invests themselves into a conversation like this without having the first clue about the territory.
FTFY
Does your religious conservatism mean that you support the Citizens United decision? Or does it mean that you're opposed to Loving v. Virginia? How about Shelby County v. Holder?
1. How is that going to affect your decision? Who can you vote for that will ensure the SC seat goes to a conservative?
2. How do you feel about the unprecedented blocking of the President from doing this Constitutional duty of appoint SC justices for 9+ months? Or is that just a small price to pay to get your religious beliefs installed in the highest court in the land?
I don't know why you were downvoted, but I would like to point out that many laws are based on religion, like marrying only one person, or not stealing and killing. We take these for granted because we grew up with them.
So, I'm not sure the argument that they are "installing religious beliefs" does much to convince religious people that they are overreaching. Their feeling is that they are saving people, and they feel this can be done through politics as well as it can be done in person.
I'm not sure I agree with those who vote this way. I just wanted to throw it out there since I doubt you'll get a reply from a religious person.
Too much cognitive dissonance for people who are probably already completely overwhelmed at this point in the cycle, given the turmoil on that side of the aisle.
That's why I won't get a reply from any of the small downvoters.
Like gerrymandering and fillbustering, it's one of these stupid games that the sides play.
Reason magazine editorial made the same argument that Bernie was the best choice for libertarians. Basically he aligns with libertarians on social issues, and everything else he could not get done anyway.
Apparently not, since Obama hasn't been able to make the nomination...
Can't find that headline...
This was the top result from entering your headline google though
http://dailycaller.com/2014/07/05/border-meltdown-obama-deli...
There's a pretty big difference between ILLEGAL immigration and LEGAL immigration.
However, there is absolutely a difference between journalists attempting to report news in a neutral way and journalists intent on spinning news to forward some agenda, even to the point of using strategic omissions and what not to completely mislead the reader about a conclusion.
Moreover, a reasonably intelligent human can (and should) read a variety of new sources (that at least attempt to be unbiased) and generally can get an idea of what actually is going on. When you read 3 different versions of the same news story by BBC, NPR, and NYT (for example), then hopefully the biases sort of cancel out and you get something closer to the truth.
You list three left-leaning news organisations, and expect their biases to cancel out? Wouldn't they reinforce each other?
Pretty much the only readable right wing media is foreign - but if he had suggested The Economist or the Financial Times you probably would have called them left-leaning too...
If you're after other right-wing UK publications you could try the Daily Telegraph or the Spectator.
I could not believe my eyes when I saw The Economist devoting a full page to Trump's badly-fitting suits and overly-long ties, but musing over Clinton's numerous corruption scandals, because she is the preferred globalist candidate.
I am sad that even The Economist has fallen - I have been a subscriber for 25 years. Perhaps not much longer.
Almost any combination will omit some political stance. I don't believe that political viewpoints are binary, or even that they vary only along a single dimension.
But this is not about right/left anymore - the scary fact (and becoming patently obvious to more and more people) is the fact that all "mainstream" media is pro-establishment (whether it is left or right is less important). That's why outlets like Breitbart, warts and all, have been gaining so much popularity.
Breitbart isn't the anti-NYT, it's the anti-Daily Kos.
I can't go to CNN (what most on the "right" would consider "left") most days without seeing some headline about Trump unaccompanied by a headline about Hillary, in what I can presume is an attempt to be "balanced". The headlines are crafted to make things look equally revelatory. But when you read the articles you find that one is a serious strike (saying shocking things on a mic), and the other is usually a non-story, ie. leaked emails showing the candidate saying pretty much exactly what their public stance has been all along.
For instance an event where an old man drives his car into a wall. A neutral headline could be "Old man drives car into wall". But the problem with this is that a lot of people will now assume he drove it into the wall because he is old. So a better neutral headline would be "Man drives car into wall" and then the article has to explain the reason. This is a very subtle change but makes a lot of difference.
Now lets say an old woman drove her car into a wall: "Woman drives car into wall". A lot of people think women are worse drivers than men, so this will already be a sensational title for some.
A good read about this is "Why you should stay away from news" from Rolf Dobelli.
They are very upfront about their biases, but they have biases nonetheless.
The "black site" narrative went completely unquestioned in the liberal press. There is zero self-policing here or signs of skepticism with liberal claims. Heck, the "clock boy" was lauded by the liberal press and Obama for being this amazing genius being attacked by racists, when it was a purposeful ruse to get teachers scared to make this kid and his dad celebrities for the purpose of helping his dad's political career and perhaps a big jury payout for "damages" soon. Only hated skeptic Richard Dawkins was remotely skeptical of these claims only to be drowned out on Twitter by liberals calling him a racist.
I think a lot of this is liberal bias. Liberals can't see their own bias objectively because they're too close to the problem, the same way conservatives can't see bias at Fox. Guardian, Independent, Salon, etc are just as bad as Brietbart if not worse, because they sell the idea of being 'fact-based' when they're propaganda outlets for a certain viewpoint which generates ad impressions and gets subscriptions via endless outrage, anti-US bias, and pandering to our emotions.
Lets stop pretending liberals don't have their army of brietbarts too.
The NYT editorial board is separate from the news desk, and the NYT makes clear what is news and what is opinion.
Watching American elections is like seeing a freak show. I don't understand who are those people who can support any of the candidates or the media.
http://www.snopes.com/2016/08/07/breitbart-duped-by-fake-new...
Loretta Lynch as a member of Bill Clinton's defense team:
http://www.politifact.com/punditfact/statements/2014/nov/10/...
Pretended a Cleveland Cavaliers crowd was a Trump crowd:
http://dailycaller.com/2016/08/04/breitbart-news-doesnt-mind...
Not to mention the whole ACORN thing in 2009:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACORN_2009_undercover_videos...
"One theory is that cars in Denmark are being burned by individuals from an angry underclass in a country where far-right groups have organized bitter protests against immigration, calling it a threat to the nation’s identity."
The article makes it clear the "angry underclass" is separate from the "far-right groups."
Why even mention the far-right at all, if nobody is suggesting they have something to do with these crimes?
The arab demographic has always been troublesome in Scandinavia.
So the far-right is implied to have something to do with these crimes, in the sense that they created an environment that triggers the crime.
The difference is how you spin the headlines and the facts. Both parties are guilty. Both parties feel only other side is doing it or say but look at the other website or magazine.
Huff is full of titles Trump is sexual predator without facts, just talks. Breitbart is full of stories Bill is rapist. So what's the difference?
It's all the same shit. It is just your bias talking.
We have, on record, him describing sexual assault. With his own words. On the other hand, some of the people who now are claiming Bill is a rapist once testified under oath that he did _not_ rape them. On top of the fact that there is zero evidence in favor of that statement.
That's the difference. And you would definitely know this if you weren't being disingenuous.
Yet other women have consistently claimed over decades that Clinton sexually assaulted them. And today women are coming forward accusing Trump of sexual assault.
There seems to be very little difference; both men have probably assaulted women in the past and abused their power to get away with it. I don't think arbitrarily slanting the narrative to defend one and condemn the other serves anybody. In fact, sweeping sexual assault under the rug when it doesn't serve your political agenda is a pretty horrible thing to do.
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/17/us/politics/bill-hillary-c...
And sadly the Washington Times is the least biased source that I could find that even talked about it. That's why sites like Breitbart are able to be so successful. It's easy to build credibility by pointing out things like this, and then the rest of it can just be propaganda.
Benefit of the doubt needs to be earned. I mean, hopefully you are not taking supermarket-checkout tabloids at face value, right?
CNN may be terrible journalism that's full of softballs and "clickbait" but at the end of the day the things they report are true and when they're not they retract them. Can't say the same about Breitbart in the least.
Softballs and clickbait aren't any more true than lies.
It's basically like watching a Lifetime Movie. All the villains are straight white males. Except around Christmas, when all of sudden, they become caring selfless individuals.
I think the idea stems from the way the Graun has opened up it's 'Comment is Free' section which has lead to quite a few low quality opinion pieces particularly 'SJW' esq ones.
The actual reporting from the Gruan is still good quality in my opinion, certainly head and shoulders above the DMs. And whilst the Graun has its left bias it, quite rightly, hasn't been kind to the current Labour party.
Tell me, which is "propaganda."
Look mate I'm not interested in arguing who is more wrong. The fact is both sides have bias and talk about things that for whatever reason they find most important. And usually it bothers other side of the political spectrum so it's like a never ending loop from both sides.
They definitely don't do this. It seems like you have a significant misunderstanding of the literature being discussed.
>Look mate I'm not interested in arguing who is more wrong.
No, it's about who is wrong _more often_ and who reports fake stories _more often_. When the standard for one set of sources is consistently absurdly low then you can't just pretend all sources are equal. Again, it's a false equivalency.
No one is denying this. People are saying there's a significant difference between bias that influences the ways facts are portrayed, and bias that causes facts to be invented.
I'm decidedly not a fan of HuffPo, but this is a massive distortion. No-one is disputing that biological sex exists, and that's what science supports. The matter of gender, and various associated concepts such as gender roles and norms, is completely different - and there is plenty of research to support the idea that a lot of entrenched gender stereotypes are largely or purely a social construct.
just to realize that it's all the media, not just some of them.
I'm in the U.S., and I constantly scan most of the major news source and commentary headlines.
It's a cesspool out there.
For a bit of history as I remember it, for what it's worth: in the 80s and 90s, I think, right-wing think tanks started providing a lot of research and background material. Of course these were slanted to right-wing views, but for the most part, unless you were really digging for stuff, it was academic. So if you had an argument about Gulf War I? You could, with effort, find some right-wing slanted stuff. But it was all alongside other academic material. It all balanced out. It was possible to consume a bit of bias and still make analysis work.
Then suddenly when the net started taking off, all of that research and such became much more easily available. If you were some right-wing guy looking to bolster point X, Google was your friend! You could find some nice charts and data.
Of course this was intolerable for the left, as it should be, so they started funding their own foundations and truth-providers.
This quickly became an escalating war. The titles got more and more scandalous and no matter what side you were on no matter the topic, you could find some studies and PhDs somewhere to back you up. It became a post-truth era.
Now it's all grown into vertical silos. Left-wing news sources publish left-wing commentators who repeat left-wing studies. Same thing happens on the right.
It's reached the point now where not only are the headlines and articles slanted trash, but it's problematic to sort it all out. In many cases you need to track an issue over time in both left and right-wing silos to arrive at something that works. The cognitive load for the average reader is simply too great. So instead they just stick inside their bubble and go through their lives not worrying about it.
I think this election a large percentage of people are finally figuring out how hosed up and colluding the systems of news and politics are. I'm not sure there will be improvement, but it's good to see a little daylight shining on things.
Here is the first publicly available mirror I came across.[1]
[0] Tentacles of Rage The Republican propaganda mill, a brief history
LEWIS H LAPHAM / Harpers Magazine v.309, n.1852, September 2004
[1] http://www.mindfully.org/Reform/2004/Republican-Propaganda1s...
While the Huffington Post obviously sensationalizes things too, their top headline, "SEX ASSAULT SPREE / ACCUSATIONS PILE UP", is completely true: the accusations are piling up. I don't think you can draw an equivalence here.
> The number is true but the inference is false.
How are the numbers taken out of context? In your opinion, how would that headline read if the numbers weren't taken out of context? Or does the mere act of publishing the headlines (at all) make Breitbart guilty of taking the numbers out of context in your opinion? Honest question.
Also, it's not clear to me what you mean by "inference". Are you referring to the "-- But Paul Ryan Targets Trump" phrase? If so, then I would contend that "inference" is not the correct word. Instead, I would perhaps use the word "juxtaposition". Whether or not you agree to Breitbart's thinking, it seems to me that what they're trying to do is call attention to what they see as false priorities -- essentially, IIUC, they're saying "Paul Ryan is attacking the wrong person, because 70K women are targeted by criminal aliens and this is worse than anything Trump has done". You can agree to that or not, but it seems to me unfair to accuse them of bad logic.
"Criminal Aliens Arrested for Sex-Related Crimes 70,000 Times Between 1955 and 2010 — But Paul Ryan Targets Trump"
The original headline creates an emotional impact by implying certain things: that these 70,000 events are sexual assaults (not generic sex crimes like indecent exposure etc.) against women (implying a relationship with Trump's actions where none specifically exists) that happened recently (not during a 55-year period that ended six years ago). The headline with context doesn't have the same emotional impact because you can't make the same misleading inferences. Maybe these crimes are a problem, maybe they aren't, but either way this headline is a clear misrepresentation of the facts.
I have to say I agree with you on both counts. It would have been more accurate and neutral to write the headline as you suggest. (It would also have been longer and more boring.) Regarding your second point, a quick google search reveals that sex-related crimes encompass:
- Sexual Assault: Describes the catch-all crime that encompasses unwanted sexual touching of many kinds, with links to state penal code and federal law on related crimes. - Solicitation: It's illegal to entice someone else to commit a crime (such as prostitution). ... - Statutory Rape
I have no idea how the figures break down in these categories, so it's hard to the degree of unfairness being applied. If all of the 70K cases were rape, then Breitbart may actually be overly nice :) (Not saying it's likely!)
So thanks for that clarification. I would say, however, that this kind of headline is pretty typical for all news agencies. For example, during the Brexit "debate" in Britain, news outlets like BBC also quoted figures that were aggregated over a number of years to highlight the potential losses to the UK economy. Ditto the Daily Mail on the other side of the aisle. If this is the evidence that Breitbart is a shoddy news outlet, then I contend that the evidence is fairly weak.
They cite 70,000 sexual assaults from 1955-2010 and characterize it as a crisis. Yet, there are over 200,000 sexual assaults and rapes annually, and 80,000 sexual assaults in prisons alone annually. (https://www.rainn.org/statistics/scope-problem) If the 70,000 number was equally distributed, than 1,272 sexual assaults by criminal aliens would happen each year, which represents 0.006% of the total.
Is this a good thing? No. Is this some existential crisis where illegals are flooding over the border to rape american women? No.
Let's not dismiss what inaccuracy here can lead to: bigotry on false pretenses, violence against innocent immigrants, and blindly supporting wars against "the wrong kind of people."
The numbers lack context in that they don't specify a rate, merely a value. It makes it sound like 70K women are attacked each year by undocumented immigrants, when the reality is that the number is closer to 1.27K per year since 1955. Let's do some back of the napkin math:
There are about 11 million undocumented immigrants in the US, meaning that the rate of sexual assault victims per undocumented immigrant would be ~0.012%. Meanwhile, in 2006, 300,000 college women were raped.[1] With 300 million people (in 2006), that puts the rate for the general population at 0.1% of victims per person. That's nearly 10x the rate of the undocumented immigrant population, and that's only including college-aged rape victims, rather than sexual assault victims of all ages as the 70K number claims to be.
Meanwhile, we have Trump who has no fewer than 4 woman claiming he sexually assaulted him. Divide that over the 70 years of Trump's life, and at 0.057 women-per-year you have a 1-man rate of 5.7% -- 57x the rate of the general population. Seems like Paul Ryan is targeting the right person, and that Breitbart is using bad logic.
[1]: https://www.nsopw.gov/en-US/Education/FactsStatistics#victim...
Also, your numbers seem to demonstrate the exact dishonesty that you accuse Breitbart of doing.
The number cited for illegal aliens is the number of arrests.
The number you cite for the general population is a victimization survey which includes a lot of alleged rapes that were never reported to the police. (In fact, I can't even figure out if all of them meet the legal definition for rape.)
According to your report [1], 12% of rapes were reported to the police. If every single rape report results in an arrest (hint: they don't), that eliminates your 10x factor right there.
When reading Breitbart, you seem to draw incorrect inferences from cited statistics. And when digging up your own data, you also seem to draw incorrect inferences. Consider the possibility that the problem here isn't Breitbart.
(Note: I hate Trump. I favor open borders and think we should let Mexicans in even if they are more rapey than Americans. In fact I have nothing but positive feelings towards Mexicans - their food is tasty and their women are beautiful. I'm just pointing out bad reasoning.)
We are now in a post-fact era. Watching the current idiocy of the Trump speech happening right now shows it in full force. Any factual data people don't like now is a "conspiracy".
It seems both sides abuse these numbers to lead readers to draw certain conclusions. Yet criticism of the practice often is not evenly applied.
Change takes time. If people really want it they'll have to work hard for it for at least the next eight years, regardless.
And no, it doesn't mean that Trump is any better or any worse. It's all bullshit.
It's not surprising that you and others people do, though. In the US, there are a lot of politicians who seem 'psycho/sociopathic' to many people. And, there are lots of CEOs like that, too. But, it doesn't prevent those people from leading or being effective.
Some sites don't do this. When it became clear that the 2003 invasion of Iraq was misguided, the propaganda sites did not jump on board. When Rumsfeld finally admitted we weren't going to find weapons of mass destruction the right-biased sites changed the narrative and started trying to make other stories dominate the news cycle.
It happens on the left as well (watch some of the MSNBC shows). That's the difference. It shows up in the willingness to criticize your own team.
My wife is a news junkie. She actually watches CSPAN along with all of the news channels. Sometimes I catch the same story from a few different places, and it is clear they ALL apply their own bias. For a current example, Fox tries to pluck out emails from the leak that show some wrong doing and MSNBC has a story about a leaked email sharing a risotto secret.
Well that is not fake, because such a title is unfalsifiable. Both sides use this kind of rhetoric now however, so, in a way the populist right wing has won. The idea of moderation or modesty is nonexistent in US and almost the same holds for UK media. That is wrong, because i believe (and i think one could find enough evidence if interested) that you can convince people by being moderate.
The U.S. media is essentially 100 percent united, vehemently, against Trump,
and preventing him from being elected president. I don’t have an actual problem
with that because I share the premises on which it is based about why he poses
such extreme dangers. But that doesn’t mean that as a journalist, or even just
as a citizen, that I am willing to go along with any claim, no matter how fact-free,
no matter how irrational, no matter how dangerous it could be, in order to bring
Trump down.
Although he doesn't name them, it seems to me he's likely referring to the vary news outlets you would consider beyond reproach (say, NYT or WaPo). Does this perhaps make you reconsider your position?EDIT: formatting.
Bias disclosure: Left leaning, not by my own choice. More centrist, along the lines of the Economist editing staff view of the world. So not by choice, because there's not really centrism left.
Not all bias is based in partisan politics.
[0] http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/interrogatio...
[1] http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/how-i-acted-like-a-pundi...
Clinton campaigns Wikileaks emails confirm a vast media collaboration campaign to smear Trump and avoid negative Clinton stories.
Considering Greenwalt: October 11 2016, Glenn Greenwald: In the Democratic Echo Chamber, Inconvenient Truths Are Recast as Putin Plots
https://theintercept.com/2016/10/11/in-the-democratic-echo-c...
What is false?
[0]http://blog.dilbert.com/post/146605145036/persuasion-update-...
What Trump really said:
"When Mexico sends its people they’re not sending their best. They’re not sending you; they’re not sending you. They’re sending people that have lots of problems, and they’re bringing those problems with us. They’re bringing drugs. They’re bringing crime. They’re rapists, and some, I assume, are good people. But I speak to border guards and they tell us what we’re getting.”[0][1]
There was the time Trump called for a wall to keep illegals out, and social media said securing our borders – which we already try to do – is racist.
There was the time Trump suggested mass deportation of illegal immigrants, and social media said upholding current law is racist.
There was the time Trump suggested banning all Muslim immigrants until we figure out what the risk is, and how to deal with it. Islam is a belief system open to all, not a race, but social media branded it as racist [2]
[0]http://www.salon.com/2015/12/21/the_media_needs_to_stop_tell... [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bbyoUb3mp1E [2] http://blog.dilbert.com/post/146605145036/persuasion-update-...
Banning an entire religion is bigoted, racist, totally idiotic, call it whatever you like.
You can keep trying with the mental gymnastics to justify what he says, but thankfully the majority of Americans see through it. I'm enjoying the current implosion and fallout of his campaign as each day goes by and am wondering just how bad he is going to lose.
"You might well dislike Trump’s words. I did. But let’s not make it worse. He did not say that all Mexicans are rapists. Yet that’s what many commentators did. For example, Politico misquoted Trump by omitting his phrase about “good people.” They said he was “demonizing Mexicans as rapists.” They argued that Mexicans do not really commit more rapes in the U.S. than whites. But that’s not what Trump claimed."
"Trump was discussing crimes committed by unauthorized immigrants. Is it true that some people who illegally cross the border from Mexico are good? Yes. Is it true that some others commit crimes? Yes. Is that a problem? People disagree. Some conjecture that unauthorized immigrants don’t commit more crimes than U.S. citizens. But crimes by unauthorized immigrants, even murders, would not have happened if those individuals had not entered the U.S."[0]
[0]http://www.salon.com/2015/12/21/the_media_needs_to_stop_tell...
CNN's top story: Trump said "grab her in the pussy" in 2005
[0]http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/oct/12/top-10-hilla...
This is the issue with all of these "leaks", they can create a one sentence soundbyte and make uninformed people think conspiracy theories when in fact it is standard mundane work being done by people trying to fix complex problems involving many different groups of people who need to come together to find a solution.
No wonder why the leaks are always in drips, no one is bothered or intelligent enough to spend more than 3 seconds analyzing the story they'll just re-post some nonsense from their Facebook feed and assume it is true.
I think this is the exact reason Trump is where he is. The right wing media frenzy has come full force and the echo chamber has reached a new high. Unfortunately when he loses badly the conspiracy nonsense will come back full force in that he was cheated out of the election. No one but the subset of a subset of Republicans will believe this but it is what it is.
Scandal? Come on, that's not a scandal, that a policy position. Personally, I agree with free trade in general, so I'm not scandalized by this "revelation" one bit.
That is pretty clearly an endorsement for TPP (other leaks make this connection more obvious[0]). Hillary says she is not in favor of it, this seems to directly contradict that statement. Saying one thing behind closed doors and another in front of the voting public is a scandal to me.
[0]http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/oct/12/leaked-email...
It is also well known that Hillary Clinton has sort-of kind-of changed her position in response to the Bernie Sanders left pull.
Yes, in my personal opinion it's probably not a strong pull, and Sanders voters who feel strongly against free trade / TPP / etc. are justified in feeling suspicious. But a speech from 2013 when she was openly promoting it doesn't exactly tell too much.
What about emails from last year? Consider that with the 'private position' and 'pubic position' comment and you are a fool if you think she will do anything she claims.
The allegations against Trump are based on fact, rational, and hardly dangerous.
Repeating words that directly come out of his mouth isn't bias.
Just use asterisks around text. Block quote is intended for code to retain formatting.
Yea, yeah it is. I'm a liberal and can see how HuffPo is trash. I might be willing to grant that HuffPo uses softer titles and hides their outrage/fear/hate-mongering slightly better. Maybe it's not just seeing them as more tame because they're more agreeable to one's politics.
But as I was writing this comment I flipped over to both to check their headlines. Right now HuffPo [0] looks exactly like the Drudge Report when they think they've got something juicy. Does nobody else think that font treatment should be saved for a "holy shit airplanes just hit the twin towers" level of importance and immediacy?
Spoiler alert: HuffPo is no better than Breitbart. In fact they share a co-founded, Andrew Breitbart.
Breitbart trades in hyperbole - they will tell us straight up that refugees are mugging grannies which proves Europe has fallen or some such.
HuffPo peddles distortion - their articles come wrapped in intentionally misleading statistics, righteous indignation and snark.
Both terrible. Both hugely popular. I weep for the web.
And yes, it is definitely much more nutty than anything I've ever got from being a member of ACLU, or subscribing to various Dem mailing lists in this cycle. Your description is spot-on - left-wing political spam tends to be click-baity and appeal to emotion, while right-wing one is chock full of debunked conspiracy theories and blatant fear-mongering.
"Voting for Team Hillary is Anti-Christ: E-Mails Expose Plot to Overthrow Authority of Pope, Create Catholic Spring to Foment Revolution & Attack Evangelicals-Who Has Place in Hillary's America?"
This goes quite beyond "opinionated" headlines.
"all true Christians must vote for Trump."
"Faith Trumps Politics for Faithful People"
"Put self aside and fight for Trump to help stop the forces of evil from prevailing"
"Trump’s past transgressions, of which he has expressed shame, remorse and apologies, pale in comparison to the revelations we now know about the plot against Christians and the strategy of creating a Catholic Spring, dividing Catholics and undermining the authority of the pope by Team Hillary and the global elite"
"Mother Teresa’s nuns are praying the rosary daily for voters to receive clarity of truth from The Holy Spirit and vote for the candidate who supports life and religious liberty (Trump) against the party engendering a culture of death and new atheism disguised as liberalism"
Yes, this is you expressing your liberal bias. Huffington Post is Breitbart of the left. They just use a slightly different strategy for pushing their propaganda. The end result is the same: readers with skewed, dysfunctional views of reality.
You disagree? Okay. Which major left-wing website do you consider equally biased to Breitbart?
People are worried about bias. I'm skeptical that humans have the ability to be politically unbiased on an individual level. Many modern political issues do not have a middle ground - take abortion, you are either for choice, or you believe it is infanticide. So let's stop pretending to be unbiased. Information aggregators should have their members clearly spell out their positions on popular issues in their bios (an openness that should be a part of the responsibility of being an information aggregator) and there should be "block designed" hiring around these issues to maximize political diversity and reduce bias in aggregate. Otherwise network effects are just going to cluster people with similar opinions around each other.
Just a thought.
Perhaps in some extreme pathological case you could have a person live their entire lives faking the opposite political ideology. But that just seems like a waste of energy... And if you can fake being for an issue convincingly enough, doesn't that have the same effect as being for the issue anyways? Like, people would catch on if you wrote about being a Bernie Sanders supporter in your bio, but wrote/submitted all articles about how he doesn't have enough foreign policy experience. The only way to fake being a supporter of something is to.. consistently make solid arguments in support of it.
According to the literature it's relatively easy for study participants when given a couple tries to get it "right": http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/2004-17684-002
I'd guess this would be done by thoroughly explaining "both sides" of an issue (not in "equal times" terms, but in "all that can be said, has been said" terms)—but who knows, maybe there's a clever trick to doing something like this that such an algorithm would force into existence, much like PageRank forced the SEO industry into existence.
Well, no, even on abortion there is usually a position somewhere in the middle is where a lot of people end up (and you left out part of the spectrum, where even contraceptives are believed to be morally wrong), and usually the law has ended up somewhere in the middle, too.
We confuse "loudest" views with "most common" a lot these days, so I do agree that promoting the most extreme views possible to drive "engagement" (a tactic figured out by people looking for votes long before the internet was even around to introduce engagement->clicks->dollars) is a bad behavior for aggregators, but that's a hard argument to make for a business as long as we hold the current view of short-term "fiduciary duty" ruling all.
So while one might be against partial birth abortion but for second trimester abortions, they still have to look at a given situation and say yay or nay.
take abortion, you are either for choice, or you believe it is infanticide
The mere existence of the term "infanticide" suggests that the spectrum of opinions is less binary than you're making it out to be.I don't. It's fundamentally a question about when sex cells become a person, and if rights accumulate sequentially or instantaneously.
There are lots of lines one can reasonably draw, e.g. independent viability (downside: disenfranchises premature babies), consciousness (no way to measure it), neural activity (how much?), heartbeat (why not if the tongue's wiggling?), conception, birth, et cetera.
Breaking down problems is one way to help dis-engage tribal instincts.
Worth a read IMO: http://www.paulgraham.com/disagree.html
Unless we actually strife for cultural hegemony snd eradicating the wrong thoughts from the people that are currently losing the discourse.
Yes, but even a competent AI curation system is going to make mistakes. The only relevant question is "what is an acceptable rate of error?". (Hint: 0% is not an acceptable answer.) We may be able to get to an acceptable rate (or may already be there) with or without AI-complete.
> People are worried about bias ... Information aggregators should have their members clearly spell out their positions on popular issues
This isn't a problem that can be solved with meta-data. An aggregator could write a beautiful, open-minded mission statement and still write trash. Hell, Google's unofficial mantra is "don't do evil". Well, ok then, there's nothing to worry about, Google has clearly spelled out their position, so there's no need to analyze or criticize their policies.
A policy statement or any other meta-data is not going to solve this. As you correctly noted an AI that passes the TT may be one way to work around this. But I'm skeptical. Any such AI would be at least as complicated as human intelligence, including all the foibles and errors that entails. An AI without our cognitive hang-ups would be smarter and more capable than us. Which would not increase my trust, and possibly decrease it, as the AI would no doubt have a bias to curate stories in it's own favor, or that put it (and AI in general) in the best light.
Bias is an unavoidable component of any curation.
Certainly it is. That just means you're admitting that the problem cannot be satisfactorily solved by current AI and must be left to humans for now.
I think an acceptable statement to make would be that the human curators probably reduced the number of "fake stories", but that's not why they were removed. It's a different judgement call whether the trending feed is "better" or "worse" in some holistic sense.
Furthermore, there seems to be an implicit assumption that Facebook's Trending stories should not contain "fake stories", but is that the intended goal of the service? I actually have no idea, since I've never used it.
How do we deal with those who would push treasonous information? If WikiLeaks publishes correspondence between, say, USA and China, that is private because China wanted it that way, and that hurts American allies, should this be allowed to trend on an American-based website?
Has WikiLeaks contributed to the right wing propaganda we see being pushed online? Should some of this be punishable?
Here's the current state of things with references as to why: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_the_Unite... although I have some emotional disagreement with those policies at times, I can't say I'm well read enough on the topic to really have a strong disagreement personally.
Now, I understand that "we can't know everything, because some other governments won't tell us their true feelings if we don't keep those conversations private."
Perhaps one day some Chinese or Russian hackers will level the playing field.
In the mean time, I wonder if more tech folks can understand that our government might actually want to prosecute Snowden, Assange etc. for legitimate threats to our national security.
You're falling into the trap of American politics by making every issue a binary choice. For instance, I find the abortion debate to be such a non-issue and if someone asks me what my stance is, I respond by saying I haven't done enough research or soul-searching to form a coherent, rational position on this issue.
And I probably will not ever get around to doing this research. I'm ok not having a position on certain issues. I wish this was more acceptable. Instead, the US political duopoly and it's first to the post voting encouraged big tent parties who more or less have to agree on most issues. I'm going to paraphrase Rumsfeld's brilliant turn of phrase here, there are known unknowns, and there's power in accepting that.
Just because there is a selection bias doesn't mean that the bias results in specifically positive or negative outcome. I could argue that because you were born you are against abortion because you were born too, and my argument would be just as valid. Of course I'm not making that argument, because it is just as silly as the one you are making.
If Bach had not been born, one of his brothers would be the composer?... Same for Einstein?
> If Bach had not been born, one of his brothers would be the composer?... Same for Einstein?
What if we had aborted Hitler? Or Stalin? Or John Wayne Gacy?
Actions have to be judged based on the information available at the time, not on what might be learned decades later.
I respect the want to not have a stance - but having no stance is not a way in which a decision can be made.
Also, there's no fear of being labeled a flip-flopper (which is stupid. It's way worse to stick to your guns, so to speak, if new information comes to light.)
And again - in general, that's absolutely fine! But government leaders in the US are representatives of 'we the people'. If they cannot gauge what we feel then they have no way of representing us in such a way that aligns with our feelings.
That said I believe that your point of not taking a stance totally offers up much more calm and nuanced discussions than extreme stances on any side of an issue - and is very probably a very useful position!
Also, you could argue that people in vegetative states where there is little to know brain activity, are somewhere between life and death.
Hogwash.
First, there's the spectrum of finding where human life begins. There's many stances here from at the point of conception to post-birth, and everywhere between.
Then there's the factor of a woman's right to her body and life. Given the first factor - we have a whole new complex spectrum here where we weigh in the life of the infant vs the life of the mother.
To further complicate this, there's the woman's right to privacy. This was the basis by which Roe v Wade was decided in the first place.
So there's at least 3 spectrum on which any citizen can find themselves in the middle of in that issue.
I agree that humans probably don't have the ability to be politically unbiased. I'm just not sure that bias matters that much. But to pretend that there are issues without middle ground is to fall into the trap that so many groups face these days - that divisive and non-empathetic stance will tear at us and divide us further. There's simply no place for it.
Facebook could save itself some predictable pain by blacklisting The Onion and SportsPickle and other high-profile fake news sites, but they aren't going to be able to crack this problem with algorithms (or if they do, those algorithms will have far better uses).
Those two options are not mutually exclusive. All healthy humans have an instinctive aversion to murder, and murder is universally considered morally wrong, but they do not have such an aversion to infanticide. In many cultures infanticide has been considered acceptable, and even in modern American people aren't going to ask too many questions if a new mother claims it was an accident. A new-born baby does not speak, it does not use tools, it fails the mirror test. By any objective measure it's less of a person than many animals we kill without a second thought. There's a strong argument that the mother should be allowed to make that decision, possibly even up to a short time (eg. 24 hours) post-birth.
My understanding of it is that he made some pronouncement that their kids are best off returning to Russia for a good, traditional nationalistic education - which has somehow warped into something more apocalyptic. Certainly, Facebook didn't originate that interpretation, but it's helping to propagate a story that's only being reported by tabloid outlets; there is no other facet of the rumour being presented by more measured and reasonable outlets.
Maybe they will even try to roll out a voting app some day? It could start as a polling app, and then slowly take over the voting booths in areas where they can buy the necessary permissions. Those governments that grant them control over their elections would celebrate increased voter turnout, and accept a massive campaign contribution (in "premium" Facebook ads) for being the party that opened the door. Jesus, now that I think about it, we could actually end up with a real technocracy in a generation or two, run by... Facebook. That is really, really scary. Brawndo.
Are they trending stories or not?
Why would they not include them even if they were fake, they are still trending?
Should FB lie to us?
I got so annoyed by Facebook's banal trending news suggestions that I wrote a script to flag every trending news item as offensive (on the premise that it is the flag most likely to have lasting effect). I never see trending news on Facebook anymore after running that for a while.
It refers to "the 'Association of American Physicians and Surgeons' — a discredited libertarian medical organization."
1. First, why the quotes around the name of the organization? Is this not its actual name? 2. Discredited? By whom? Isn't "discredited" an objective judgement -- and thus, one the author should support with a rationale? 3. Further, it's odd that of all the examples mentioned, the AAPS is the only one not linked to. Why? The release must be online, if Facebook linked to it.
Curious.
> As part of a larger audit of Facebook’s Trending topics, the Intersect logged every news story that trended across four accounts during the workdays from Aug. 31 to Sept. 22. During that time, we uncovered five trending stories that were indisputably fake and three that were profoundly inaccurate.
Yes, but out of how many Trending stories in total? Eight fake stories over a three week period seems like an acceptable rate of error.
Trending stories are popular stories. A fake story has an element of satire. These stories could be popular because of the satire (and the subsequent humor). Trending does not imply veracity.
From such elements as "did names and places get accurately reported?" to "was the underlying narrative correct?". Quotes and attributions might be a particular element. Predictions (particularly in financial reporting) as well.
This needn't be every article, but some weighted sample based on a story's placement, impact, subsequent references, etc.
I hope you're fireproof though, because that would make a lot of people very angry.
Not to disabuse you, because I do think it is a good idea, but many people are simply not interested in asking the right questions. I used to belong to a millennial cult which had formerly been proven wrong about 'The End of the World' half a dozen times in the 20th century, and each time they decide the past prophesies were metaphorical while next time it is literally the 'Big One'.
Each time they do this they do lose a lot of support, so disseminating information about what happened in the past is not completely meaningless. I wouldn't have left the Truman Show without the Net I think, that and books.
> was the underlying narrative correct?
This is the one I want to have done most of all. The others you mentioned are easier to do but this is the crux of it. The cult believers treat every news articles as further evidence of their faith, and every discrepancy as a test from the Devil/oppositional lies.
There is some deep stuff here. I remember reading something from a person who lived under Communism, and like some kind of conspiracy theorist they had every detail about their 'Matrix' wrong but they did know instinctively that something was very wrong because of the mismatch between reports and anecdotal observations.
Yes, the activity would be quite incendiary, though that's somewhat the case for the news as it is. There is Project Censored, at Sonoma State University in California, which looks at under-reported stories.
Cults and their own belief systems is a whole 'nother fascinating area. Have you written on your own experiences on this?
On questions and answers I also agree -- I think we're pursuing a lot of the wrong questions, and the answers to the wrong questions are simply meaningless. I'm looking for a few good questions: https://redd.it/1v052g
Assessing narrative means some way of scoring a narrative. That's an interesting problem in itself.
On your "Matrix" example: I'm convinced that one of the key fundamentals of an accurate model of the universe (e.g., a true or useful narrative) is that your different perceptions all tend to correspond. It's when you're getting different messages in different places, or from different sources, that you've got a problem.
Mind, there are circumstances in which there is no one true narrative -- optical illusions such as the Necker cube, "dancing lady" illusion, or the rabbit-duck picture come to mind. But there's a huge realm in which a fairly accurate understanding is possible.
I'm beginning to believe the slightest hint of negativity encourages downvotes irrespective of whether the context is appropriate or not.
> Cults and their own belief systems is a whole 'nother fascinating area. Have you written on your own experiences on this?
A little. Getting out of a cult you're born into is an experience like no other. Many people become zealots of another sort, a different religion or a secular kind. The nearest experience most people will have is finding that somebody they loved has betrayed them.
It's a funny thing you know, I had great anxiety about leaving, but when I left I felt a peculiar joy I cannot adequately describe here.
> I'm looking for a few good questions: https://redd.it/1v052g
I think I was reading your subreddit before last year. How is it going? Have you defined a terminal goal for the question-making or is it a philosophical work in progress?
> I think we're pursuing a lot of the wrong questions, and the answers to the wrong questions are simply meaningless.
I don't think there's a faster way to get diminishing returns than to ask the wrong question. I have suspected for a long time that many things we ask governments to do are mutually contradictory. The effective policy then, is not a government policy of direction and action, but to allow us to join the dots to see that our efforts are in vain.
I envisage a real time system available in each home (optional!) which makes requests and takes requests from householders. Think of a StackExchange, only for the government and citizens to be able to interrelate frictionlessly. A newsfeed of items that actually effect you personally would be terrific by itself.
Simple questions, like "How do I buy land and what regulations do I need to know about" and we already appear to be in the domain of experts. That isn't right. You shouldn't have to wade through a library of content on some obscure website hardly anybody visits.
> Assessing narrative means some way of scoring a narrative. That's an interesting problem in itself.
I think a narrative assessment looking for internal consistency would be an enormous improvement. However; there is a troll/prankster on reddit called vargas who posts these internally consistent but increasingly weird stories. It's the same thing that fools Facebook's trending feature into posting fake stories. That would mean to get somewhere you'd need to store a compare and contrast model of some sort.
> On your "Matrix" example: I'm convinced that one of the key fundamentals of an accurate model of the universe (e.g., a true or useful narrative) is that your different perceptions all tend to correspond. It's when you're getting different messages in different places, or from different sources, that you've got a problem.
That would make a good heuristic for increasing our confidence. You could achieve scaling by invoking human computation such as a kind of capcha that give users little 'stories', and ask them whether they are consistent. I am confident that will work because if your proposition can be shorn of context (events happening to mythical people in mythical lands) people think logically for the most part.
> But there's a huge realm in which a fairly accurate understanding is possible.
Take the Podesta Emails recently. Somebody was asking whether they were real or not. You should be able to verify whether they are real or a work of fiction with such a system. Since lies get harder to cover for the more they multiply, my guess is that this 'verifier' would work.
The tendency for new adherents and converts to just about anything to become more Catholic than the Pope, as they say, is fairly strong.
The process of leaving plays into another Dreddit essay I've had in mind for a while, on the concept of Enlightenment, Revelation, and Catastrophe, all three words which have a common base meaning: of a thing having light shone upon it, being revealed, uncloaked, or overturned. There's a modern mystic who's got a brief quote about enlightenment not being pleasant: "Make no mistake about it -- enlightenment is a destructive process. It has nothing to do with becoming better or becoming happier. Enlightenment is the crumbling away of untruth. It's seeing through the facade of pretense. It's the complete eradication of everything we imagined to be true."
Of course, another option is to replace one mythical system with another....
The Dreddit: I think "philosophical work in process" is truer than I'd care. On the positive side, I've got a sense of the size of the canvas. On the negative side, it's rather large for any one person to work. Explaining to those close to me what it's about and where it's leading is increasingly problematic.... On the practical side, it's been difficult to hash out a proper working environment for writing complex bits. At the same time, I've been exploring a large scope of literature that illuminates various parts of the puzzle in interesting ways. There has been much enlightenment going on (and frustration with conventional understanding). I'm finding to a very large extent that the ideas I'm having are not novel, merely not widely accepted. Frequently they're widely attacked.
Governance: Government is inherently a system for ajudicating differences of opinion, so it's often going to be contradictory. Human society is a complex system, and the needs of any one part are often at conflict with those of another, though the system as a whole should be benefited by some balance of interests. A modern kitchen has spigots, drains, a refrigerator, and a stove. This doesn't mean that sources or sinks or cold or hot are good or bad. It's that each has an appropriate place.
People's interests are frequently rivalrous. Government helps balance those interests.
Mind all that, getting some sense of what is or isn't in the ultimate common interest is a really good thing to have, and I don't think we've got that. A tremendous number of my questions come down to "what's good, what's bad", which then requires some basis for determining what is good or bad. In AI there's concern over numerous aspects, one of which is the Paperclip Maximiser scenario: even an otherwise benign AI whose only directive is to maximise creation of paperclips is ultimately an existential threat. Our social goal measures -- GDP, profit, etc., seem problematic. There are other measures of net function, White's Law (total energy throughput) comes to mind. Balancing present and future flows is another.
Complexity of legislation and legal matters is yet another element, though of course, that complexity feeds on itself as it keeps the lawyers in pay.
Assessing narratives: It's not enough to have internal consistency, you also need to have accurate anchors to reality. What drives me most nuts is conspiracy theory crud that's got some foundational basis. There's an example, "It's all a Rich Man's Game", a ~3h 40m YouTube video which connects the 2007/8 financial crisis, 9/11, the Bushes, JFK, WWII, Hitler, etc., etc., into one continuous narrative. There are parts that are actually quite unambiguously true (corporate America's involvement and collaboration with Nazi Germany: IBM, GM, Ford, AT&T, Coca-Cola, and more) for example. But there are also parts that are utterly fabricated (or at least for which I could find no documentation) and others for which either false connections were drawn or very selective quotation was used (JFK's "Secret Society" speech -- about the USSR, not some dark Skull and Bones society plot). I didn't find any known-to-me contradictions until about 20 minutes in, but then they started popping up all over, and there may well be earlier ones. I'll look up vargas's posts....
There's also a reason I feel reputation has to be part of any widespread assessment system. If you've got a source who's known to propogate bullshit, then you do not trust them by default. If someone you do trust says "actually, this looks like it has merits", you might change your mind. The question of who you do trust is an interesting one, as trust can be (and will be) betrayed. But in general it's food for a while. Admissions of error are another crucial element (a chief reason I refuse to engage at length with those who cannot do so).
There's also the question of story relevance. To pluck from current headlines, I turned away from the BBC a day or so back when they insisted on spending 10+ minutes discussing the "clown scare". I don't find that to be worth however many millions of global ears the BBC might claim, and there are other stories worth covering.
On Matrix & cross-validation: I actually think diving in to minutiae is the wrong approach. It's attractive, and sometimes yields benefits, but also seems to be a common trait of the crackpot. Instead, get multiple accounts from multiple witnesses and compare them. To take a Biblical instance, there's the story of Susanna from the Book of Daniel: a bathing wife is accused by lecherous voyeurs of adultry after refusing sex with them. She is about to be put to death when Daniel insists on questioning the accusers, separately. They proceed to identify different (and very-different sized) trees under which she met her supposed lover. Susanna is set free and the accusers executed.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susanna_(Book_of_Daniel)
I've had my own similar experiences in examining stories from others, sometimes multiple people, sometimes the same.
Podesta emails: Another interesting situation. Here you've got the subtle conspiracist's dream: a vast trove of documents from which either slight alteration or selective quotation can prove highly destructive. It's a primary reason why I'm leary of having an extensive online trove of billions of people's mundane activities. The size of the trove itself makes ready assessment difficult (the Panama Papers and other similar leaks have much the same problem), unless you can find a specific narrative thread OR a specific critical moment or element within the documents to make your case.
Some years ago I found myself part to a legal proceeding in which the opposing party was accusing my side of specific actions, though with little other than testimonial evidence. What the other side didn't realise was that my team had access (and evidentiary claim) to a large document archive which established motive and lack of credibility. From a set of many thousands of documents, defending counsel presented three documents. Witness for the plaintif first established that the documents were theirs (credibility). The next two presented the crucial evidence necessary to utterly demolish the case. The key I took from this was that if you can get to the very heart of the matter, that's often all you need.
In the Podesta case, I've seen one instance where a published opinion piece (not written by Podesta) was claimed by Wikileaks and Trump supporters to have been Podesta's own words. They quite manifestly weren't (fully independent verification trivially possible), which impugns the credibility of Trump's team (hardly necessary) and Wikileaks (a massive blunder and mis-step on their part) tremendously.
A particular risk of mass document dumps is the Gish Gallop. In my courtroom case, courtroom discipline itself imposed harsh limits on testimony: you've only a few brief hours in many instances, and going beyond this with exhaustive documentation frequently isn't possible. There are exceptions to this rule, but those are very well-funded trials (and quite expensive). The ability of a disinterested third party to impose that discipline is crucial.
Good thoughts again.
> Leaving cults .... In the latter, the cult is all you've ever known, and it is normality. On the other hand, looking outside of it, you may find specific discrepancies.
That is true. One day I was struggling with something I read. It just didn't gel with my beliefs and I couldn't refute it. It just made too much sense to be false. It had too much power to explain the world. So that's the kind of discrepancy that can happen.
The reasons why most leave the faith are rather more prosaic and I feel they are held back because they didn't have an intellectual reason for leaving. This may be arrogant of me but I feel it's like leaving Enron because management was interfering with your sex life or you had an emotional spat with a coworker. There are better reasons to leave! I myself will never go back but I think the reason why some people feel lost after leaving is that they didn't refute what they had been taught, they are still part trapped and this is distressing to them. I never felt so happy in my life as when I left and it was like everything suddenly made sense. It might seem cheesy but that is a kind of 'enlightenment'.
> The tendency for new adherents and converts to just about anything to become more Catholic than the Pope, as they say, is fairly strong
We see that with ISIS. The most volatile ones are the new ones. Something to do with group dynamics and hierarchy.
> The process of leaving plays into another Dreddit essay I've had in mind for a while, on the concept of Enlightenment, Revelation, and Catastrophe, all three words which have a common base meaning: of a thing having light shone upon it, being revealed, uncloaked, or overturned.
Have you read Rene Girard? His lens is Catholic theology but he has interesting secular ideas.
> There's a modern mystic who's got a brief quote about enlightenment not being pleasant: "Make no mistake about it -- enlightenment is a destructive process. It has nothing to do with becoming better or becoming happier. Enlightenment is the crumbling away of untruth. It's seeing through the facade of pretense. It's the complete eradication of everything we imagined to be true."
You probably already know this but that is a core belief of the neoreactionary, who believes the truth to be sometimes painful or horrible but always all important e.g. the red pills. Not coincidentally they refer to their belief system as 'The dark enlightenment', and see it as a (partial) critique of the Enlightenment.
> another option is to replace one mythical system with another....
This is a slight tangent but there is this excellent audio drama called 'Our Fair City'. In a recent episode the molepeople begin to rebel against their human masters. In a few short phrases they encapsulated this. The young recruits urge the moleperson leader to take on the role of 'Queen' (very radical change!) but she rejects this out of hand as being little better than being under the thrall of the humans. Then grudgingly she seems to acknowledge it's at least some progress away from enslavement. I laughed, but I also thought to myself that wow, that's kind of how it really happens. We cannot visualize the spectrum of future possibles or the 'golden city' because we're all down here in the mud. It takes an act of some faith just to move to a slightly more elevated plane. I can't say why that is. Supposing our population shrunk to 500 million on earth, I still think we'd have the institutions we have now, I don't think we'd devolve back to a more primitive state unless our population and knowledge base was very seriously damaged. That might seem hopeful but I also do not see us making a grand leap into the future towards some golden city, I really don't know we have that kind of imagination today. The Communists were the last people to hope for such with their scientific socialism. Hopes of utopia appear quite dead in the present and I think that is a problem despite the problems it sometimes caused. Apathy reigns now.
> The Dreddit: I think "philosophical work in process" is truer than I'd care.
If you're independently wealthy it doesn't matter, but if you must work to live then I have to say to you that you'll need to nudge your ideas into paying rent in some way. Books, podcasts, t-shirts, lectures, software, something. If your ideas aren't close to gestation then there's nothing wrong with working as a patent clerk in Switzerland, there are many jobs not particularly joyous but which give the opportunity to think. It is good to have something concrete since this gives a metric to work with and helps gain confidence. It might be difficult but you know there is nothing more exhilarating than something from your mind fleshed out into the physical world. I admire what you're doing because I know it is difficult and intellectuals are unfortunately plagued by self-doubt. This I consider rather unfortunate because while many intellectuals and their ideas stay anonymous, the fields are far less barren than most people think. There really are not that many intellectual explorers out there (and most of them are defenseless since they are dead).
> On the positive side, I've got a sense of the size of the canvas. On the negative side, it's rather large for any one person to work. Explaining to those close to me what it's about and where it's leading is increasingly problematic....
I'd say to you that if you develop your ideas in the right form (a series of explanatory animated youtube videos) or you manage to hit the right chord then you'll automatically obtain a network of helpers.
Peter Thiel has worked his butt off giving countless presentations on the Stagnation Hypothesis. Look at this methods. He uses simple but irrefutable points built into logical chains of reasoning and repeats this to each audience until he has each line perfect and ready to roll off the tongue. If you go this route I recommend you read Cicero's Rhetorica Ad Herennium, it's the go to book for this method.
Curtis Yarvin has managed to spread his ideas by dint of being provocative, but also by using unusual joined up thinking that makes me go 'huh, I didn't see that before' or more likely 'I don't want to believe this but it kind of explains some things.
Eliezer Yudkowsky didn't start with LessWrong, but with an interesting Harry Potter fan fiction. Unlikely but it worked.
Julian Assange got his ideas out there by pissing off the powerful.
You get the idea, signal to your tribe and ye shall find them waiting.
> On the practical side, it's been difficult to hash out a proper working environment for writing complex bits. At the same time, I've been exploring a large scope of literature that illuminates various parts of the puzzle in interesting ways. There has been much enlightenment going on (and frustration with conventional understanding). I'm finding to a very large extent that the ideas I'm having are not novel, merely not widely accepted. Frequently they're widely attacked.
This is what I was saying above. Many of us have similar observations or insights and don't realize they are held in common. You have your tribe, it's out there. It remains to collect them together under a banner. To get there initially you would need a holistic set of statements that are consistent as a sort of axiomatic base.
> Governance: Government is inherently a system for ajudicating differences of opinion, so it's often going to be contradictory. Human society is a complex system, and the needs of any one part are often at conflict with those of another, though the system as a whole should be benefited by some balance of interests. A modern kitchen has spigots, drains, a refrigerator, and a stove. This doesn't mean that sources or sinks or cold or hot are good or bad. It's that each has an appropriate place.
That's an interesting metaphor.
However I am troubled by it because it means the system could and likely does waste energies it could be objectively devote to more effective uses. If every time I lay a building block and tomorrow you remove it, we could play that game forever. I think this is behind the frustration many of us feel about politics. How do you distinguish between balance of interests and plain wastefulness?
I'll reply more tomorrow, it is well past time for sleeping!
Great idea, and what higher education should be doing for research. Generally there's no process.
But personal experience is that whenever I have been involved in a situation about which news has been made, the outcome has always been that the reporting is somewhat sloppy, inaccurate, and agenda-driven.
This is with so-called reputable journalism; "fake news" is then even worse.
So, even if I do a non-professional post-mortem on my own, I see that the news was not completely healthy. And pointing this out to journalists generally makes them just angry. Even if you are completely polite, they block you on Twitter, etc. If you comment a news article in reputable newspapers' web sites to correct errors with good sources, it's not unusual that the comment is moderated away.
The question of how to deal with missing narrative or omitted detail is also huge. There are efforts underway in that regard, usually in the legal field. The Innocence Project would be an example.
I can think of a great deal of follow-up to the 2003 Iraq invasion which have turned up since, and in particular numerous instances of people caught blatently lying.
The public though seems mostly to move on. I feel that's a mistake.
Another problem is similar to the reddit problem. Both the AI and your customization can create an atmosphere where you literally get served only opinions you want to hear. I actually think a more random algorithm would be more beneficial than what's trending.
Or perhaps it's just that the fake news that is shared on Facebook has a particular slant, thus removing that content gave the appearance of a preference for a different political slant on the part of the curators.
However, would you prefer Google to handpick (let's forget about the volume of manual labor for now) which sites get to be at the top? Or would you rather just keep improving those algorithms?
I think Facebook is in the same situation. Facebook, Google, and to a lesser extent, Twitter, have a lot of power to influence elections.
And they will if their future power relies on the specific candidate, which is ironically also lobbied (paid) by them.
I don't want to sound like a hippy in the 1960's, but if there ever was a need for the "fuck the corporations" slogans, it's now.
In other news, humans now have even fewer jobs to do... all those idle people without jobs (ie, truck/taxi drivers, pilots, ship captains, BS office jobs) are completely, harmless, disorganized and bear absolutely no ill will against the vast majority of new wealth trickling upwards at an accelerating rate, into fewer hands.
This is out of the scope of news and into the scope of propaganda, and it does matter.
>Did the standard for their sources remain relatively constant regardless of the material being discussed? There isn't a clear answer here, but that doesn't make it defacto censorship of one set of particular political opinions. The sources that were discussed aren't credible in any meaningful form. The fact that they happen to be largely conservative seems like a problem conservatives should address instead of calling it censorship.
But ironically, for posting that, I was meant with censorship.
People in aggregate are terrible at curation. You really do need editors for a reason. But Facebook should have been extremely blunt about the situation before. The fact that its curators let through more "liberal" sources than conservative ones, doesn't necessarily mean they're biased. It really could just be that conservative sources are far more likely to not be at a high enough standard to be posted -- which seems to be the case given the examples in the article.
Not trying to put words in your mouth, but this comes across as "when my opinion is downvoted then it's censorship, but when views I don't agree with are downvoted it's because they are not at a high enough standard".
It is the same reason why most movies have a happy ending. It is easier to sell daydreams (histories and world-views) than the harsh reality.
By virtue of the two-party system in the US there is only one place left for rational thinking people to end up. This election cycle is producing an even stronger compaction cycle than the last three combined. As the base gets ever more rabid and detached from reality more people flee. (Some on the Left are pissed that the Dems have been moderating too much)
I can't predict the future but it is possible we are looking at a major fracture of the GOP and political re-alignment. It has happened 2-3 times in the past. If I had to guess the Rs will fracture into two or more parties, the Ds will run the table for a decade or two, then things will reset as a new party rises to replace the GOP and peels off D voters.
If Donald Trump keeps claiming he lost due to fraud/the media/some other boogeyman I don't see how the Republicans can keep it together. If nothing else he showed the wanna-be hucksters how to really appeal to the hardcore Republican base. Many astute eyes have been watching and will be ready to replicate his efforts at the local and national level. The Right-wing echo chamber has taught the base that all media are liars, you can't trust government, etc. There is no authority left who can tell them what is a false conspiracy theory and what is truth. Anyone who doesn't buy the conspiracies is branded a traitor and the compaction cycle marches ever onward.
Compaction Cycles are where a group turns inward looking for people to blame. Sometimes there is an obvious cause, sometimes it's just general discontent. People point fingers and anyone who isn't quick enough to jump on the group-think train is purged. Moderate or un-committed members are driven out, (see Tea Party candidates primary-ing a bunch of Rs out). If the movement experiences a failure this can manifest as the blame-game too - see McCain/Romney. When they clinched the nomination various places like r/pol and Freep went on huge purges of anyone not backing them. When they lost the group-think proclaimed it was because they weren't true conservatives. Like fascism, communism, and other -isms conservativism cannot fail, it can only be failed. Compromise is a moral failing. If the leaders just /conservatived even harder/ they would finally win.
When Trump inevitably loses (remember: he hasn't been forecasted to win once since he started running and demographic trends make it almost impossible for Republicans to win the presidency anymore) there will be another massive purge and a huge wave of angry people looking to blame someone. A certain segment of the R base won't believe he lost. They will claim the election was stolen.
Does any equivalent exist today (eg trying to report as an outlet run by conservatives instead of a conservative outlet)?