Oil soars 6 percent as OPEC reaches deal to limit output in November
reuters.com
reuters.com
You've got OPEC a collection of countries that don't all like each other, trying to agree to lower their individual production knowing that they can't trust each other.
At the same time this exact group of countries are running deficits and any cut's they make will increase those deficits in the short term. Keep in mind these are countries who can't be described as stable. In many the only thing keeping the government in power is they oil money they sprinkle on their populations.
You've got oil producing countries outside of OPEC who would love to see the price of oil rise so they can expand their production of oil that's more expensive to produce. Keep in mind there is a prominent theory that OPEC flooded the market with cheap oil to drive these countries out of the oil producing business.
You've got world economies that depend on oil, all of which are using cheap oil to prop themselves up to differing degrees. A return to $100/barrel oil would be short term trouble for many 1st world economies.
I love the oil market. I can't figure it out, but I love trying:)
Yeah, it's a weird dynamic. For example, the higher the price of oil, the less dependent the US is on the rest of the world. Lots of oil in that $60-$80+ range in and around the US.
On top of that, politics can make price swings a useful weapon. Cheap Oil makes Russia for example far weaker.
PS: IMO, small scale Russian aggression actually fits as a 'wag the dog' distraction from how bad things are going for them.
Let's hope they keep it small and don't try to covertly start a big fire that will drive oil prices back up. It's scary to see a world economic situation where starting/fueling wars starts to make more and more economic sense... I can almost imagine a future "WarEnron" selling the future profits indirectly caused by future wars :)
We should find a way to make sure we have profits aligned with peace and abolish the concept of "wars that make economic sense"! The US and EU at least do this (more or less unintentionally) by keeping weapons and military operations very expensive. Russia probably has more practical means for "cheap destruction" and this is dangerous because at some point some will start placing bets on this and then try nudging world events in the direction of their "win".
Pretty sure you just described every fund that's big into Honeywell, General Dynamics, Lockheed, etc. Many of these companies profits depend on the US insisting on maintaining the largest military in the world (by a lot) as a hedge against just these sorts of "profit wars" from being waged.
[1] Price of Oil Chart: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/DCOILWTICO [2] Dolar Chart: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/DTWEXM
You might want to fact check everything I just said though, it has been a while since I've looked at this.
imagine all the countries that won't have oil money
that has so many implications
They've cheated before..
The benefits come from the market expectation of lower output, immediately gaining higher revenue.
Also bets on whether any member countries actually follow this?
Currently, sure, but in the long term? How so?
The other issue is mobility, oil has the best volume/energy content ratio of all energy sources we know (except uranium).
"Sustainable fuel for the transportation sector": https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1821126/
If renewable energy becomes abundant/cheap enough, you can convert electricity into hydrogen or other high energy density chemicals.
Burning hydrocarbons is not the issue. Burning hydrocarbons that were extracted from the atmosphere millions of years ago, is.
It's hard to tell when electrification is going to kick into high gear. Projections for numbers of EVs sold ten years from now vary widely. I'll say that if oil did go back over $100/barrel that would provide an incredible tail wind for PHEV and BEV adoption in the US. Cars last 20+ years but buyers are oddly sensitive to recent pump prices.
I do agree that people all but throwing away large SUVs when gas hit the mid $4 range was mystifying to me. I work with and hang around generally smart people and I saw people trading in 2-3 year old cars for brand-new fuel efficient cars.
Traditionally, oil prices had a long-term boom-bust cycle that lasted about 30 years...15 years of boom followed by 15 years of bust. This has been going on since the dawn of the oil industry, and is largely systemic: business cycles tend to be around 15 years, as in it takes about 10-15 years to go from discovery to production (gather data, drill exploration wells, drill production wells and production infrastructure). I'm not sure of any other industry with so long of a systemic business cycle.
Now, however, fracking has changed the game. So far, since "tight gas" is so new, we're able to use fracking in oil fields that have already been developed, to extract gas and oil from areas we knew it was at before, but thought it was too hard to extract (the term for where fracking is used--"tight" refers to the permeability of the rock...traditional oil comes from sources measured in the 10s of darcies...fracking is often employed in areas with <0.001 darcies, like shale rock). This means that production facilities, like pipelines and whatnot, are already in place. Furthermore, the discovery process is shortened, as these are already fields with known reserves, just in areas that we could not extract from efficiently before. Now, with fracking, we can. This means the investment cycle has been reduced from 10-15 years to 1-2 years.
With the old business cycle, new technology typically would be invented any time prices got high enough--generally following a business cycle where all of the "easy" oil has been found and extracted. New technology allows new fields to be produced "easily", causing a surplus of oil and a crash in oil prices. This continues until all the "easy" oil has been found, and the cycle continues. This cycle goes all the way back to the 1860s (whale blubber -> oil wells -> oil wells with pumps -> basic geology (drilling under hills) -> 2D seismic -> 3D seismic -> deep-sea/sub-salt -> fracking; pretty much follows a 20-30 year cycle). The concept of "peak oil" isn't new--people have been worried about peak oil since the mid-1800s.
Analysts aren't sure if the new reality we're in has fundamentally changed the markets. I say it hasn't--the cycles will return after all of this new "easy" oil, in the form of shale gas/tight gas, has been exploited. But we're only somewhere about 2-5 years into a 15-year bust cycle, if you ask me. I would expect prices to hover in the $40-$50 range for the remainder of this bust cycle, with a few rare exceptions (wars, disasters, etc). After that, I think you'll see prices return to the $100+ level (in 2016 terms--since the 1860s, prices have cycled pretty consistently between $10 and $100 for a barrel of oil, in 2016 terms) until the next technological revolution in oil exploration and production occurs. But it does mean less volatility in prices as business cycles shorten--at least for the remainder of this bust cycle. Maybe peak oil will become a reality right as demand for oil drops, making the next round of technology advances unnecessary.
We may be heading towards a world of permanently low oil prices, as rising prices will cause more people to switch to electrics or plug-in hybrids.
Car buyers exhibit amazingly lemming-like behavior, switching to more fuel-efficient cars as prices rise and switching away from those fuel-efficient cars as prices fall. That process is likely to become more pronounced as electrics become more available and affordable.
Coal = 33% Natural gas = 33% Nuclear = 20% Hydropower = 6% Other renewables = 7% Biomass = 1.6% Geothermal = 0.4% Solar = 0.6% Wind = 4.7% Petroleum = 1% Other gases = <1%
An electric fleet (powered by coal, natural gas, and nuclear) will reduce demand for oil, so movement in that direction is likely cause falling oil prices. Which could lead to more people buying oil-powered cars again.
For an alternate perspective of a potential (lucrative) future for insurance, see my post here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12245312
Any large scale car accidents will be re-simulated, analysed and scoured until they are fixed, the general public will not permit them to persist. This means a complete collapse of the entire industry except for enterprise scale underwriting of the car manufacturers which they may already have for recalls.
People started trading in their SUVs last time, this time they will be getting something that doesn't need gasoline at all.
I don't think OPEC realizes how dangerous of a game they are playing.
http://www.cnbc.com/2016/02/29/us-shales-message-for-opec-ab...
"Tight oil companies outspend cash flow by an average of 120%: spend $2.20 for every dollar earned from operating activities." "Tight oil company debt-to-cash from operating activities ratio averages 3.3: would take more than 3 years to pay down debt if all cash flow was used."
Please see: http://www.artberman.com/wp-content/uploads/The-Shale-Revolu...
Meanwhile: http://fortune.com/2015/12/10/oil-zombies-debt/
One thing to consider ( although it's pretty different ) - the 1980s oil crash was in around 1983; the S&L bailout (FIRREA) was in 1989. Six years' latency.
http://seekingalpha.com/article/3960625-prisoners-dilemma-oi...