Some engineering fields have all those things you describe but it is usually because there is a high degree of physical risk to the public, like structural engineers for example.
Mechanical and Electrical engineers, for example, at most companies are hired without any such certifications, unions, oversight, or any of what you've mentioned. I have a degree in EE and CS and have worked in both fields doing everything from IC design to app development and the hiring process, oversight, etc has been the same in almost every case - no membership or union required. I have friends who work as ME, Chemists, physicists, etc and the same is true for all of them except in the exceptional cases where they are working on a medical device or something.
Really all those things you mention at most companies for most fields of engineering come down the the company culture itself and the technical leadership at those companies.
The really funny thing about your take is that in most cases I find that high level software developers have a much stronger cult of engineering excellence that any of those other fields. If you saw the "process" most EE's used to ensure high quality engineering at large companies like Intel you would be horrified. And definitely don't ask those EE guys to write any code, it will almost certainly be terrible.