The trick that I made work is to have two to-do lists: daily and quarterly.
For daily, it's simple. I have a variation of the Bullet Journal [1], but interleaved with meeting notes, ideas, etc.
But many ideas are bigger than what you can accomplish/benchmark on a daily basis. For those, I have two pages per quarter that I fill with "quarterly goals". I try to keep the list under 20-30 items and keep them high-level. Every week, I look at the same two pages and make sure that I am making progress toward them. If not, I go back to my daily notes and see if I worked on the right stuff the previous week. This is a variation on the idea that I stole from Aaron Levie [2].
For me, the tactile/tangible nature of paper note-taking, as well as its flexibility in formatting, has been incredibly useful.
[2] https://www.fastcompany.com/3021586/most-productive-people-b...