Can this be solved by configuring the local system (e.g. Debian?) to blacklist any DNS resolution that ends up being a private IP address? Is this is possible to configure at the firewall level?
::1/128
Unlike IPv4 there is not an entire /8.
I have this enabled on my router.
dnsmasq has many other uses like tunneling all your DNS traffic through dnscrypt (https://www.opendns.com/about/innovations/dnscrypt/)
ssh <router>
configure
set service dns forwarding options stop-dns-rebind
commit
save
/var/log/dnsmasq.log should contain the resolution failures after that. e.g.: Sep 1 21:48:41 dnsmasq[26479]: possible DNS-rebind attack detected: www.dropboxlocalhost.com