Whatsup was sharing info with Facebook months ago. I remember seeing a Watchapp contact as a friend recommendation on my Facebook profile. Other than that Whatsapp contact, we have nothing in common, no other way Facebook could have picked it up.
If you've granted contacts permission to the Facebook app, it could've identified using the phone number.
This has been my experience as well. In my case Ive never ever installed Facebook on my phone. It has to be whatsapp leaking/sharing the contacts list.
Or that contact allowing FB to scan their contact list. Remember, there are two endpoints here and if you did not allow it then is is more likely the other party did.
Or the contact. It'd make sense for Facebook to try to connect people from both sides of the relationship.