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> Do we have any reliable estimates about child mortality in those times to make such a claim?

I'm guessing you could make a start by counting how many child skeletons vs adult skeletons you dig up? Plus if you're looking at a literate society, they'll be some written records, even if not formal death registries: receipts for payments for funerals, personal letters, diaries, etc.

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Yes, I agree, but my point was more that I doubt that those who suggest a value of, say, 29.4 for stone age humans, have gone through any these calculations.

They don't just make the numbers up. They have a reason for them. Either historical records, dated human remains, or by comparison to similar populations from other eras/locations where those exist.

I very much doubt that we have that kind of information available about prehistoric (say, Neantherthal) humans, except perhaps in very sparse and unreliable form.

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