The solution to the 4 person problem is actually pretty simple. Let's assume that we know the answer to the 2 person problem. We have 4 persons; A, B, C and D. At first the persons guess their colour (without revealing it of course) based on their direct neighbor. So for instance:

    A <-----> B
    
    
    C <-----> D

A and B being neighbors, they guess their colours based on the solution of the 2 persons problem. Same goes for C and D. Without loss of generality, let's assume C guesses correctly his card colour. Since he can see the cards of A and B, he knows who will guess their colour correctly. For instance, if they have the same colour, A will guess correctly, if not, then B will guess correctly. Without loss of generality, let's assume A guesses correctly his card colour. He then sees that C will guess correctly.

The participants agreed beforehand that clubs and hearts are associated with 0 while diamonds and spades are associated with 1. A and C now apply the solution to the 2 person problem to guess their shape group (either (diamonds or spades) or (clubs or hearts)):

    A       B
    |
    |
    C       D

It is guaranteed that at least one has guessed the shape group correctly. Since they both guessed correctly the color, it is guaranteed that one of them will guess the shape correctly.